اثر محلول‌پاشی آهن و منگنز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش سبز در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

2 استاد و عضو هیئت علمی گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

3 دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

4 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

چکیده

تنش کم­آبی از جمله عواملی است که مقدار جذب عناصر غذایی را به شدت کاهش می­دهد. برای بررسی اثر محلول­پاشی آهن و منگنز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش سبز (Vigna radiata L.) رقم پرتو در شرایط تنش کم­آبی آزمایشی به­صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. کرت­های اصلی شامل اعمال تنش به­صورت قطع آبیاری در سه سطح ]بدون قطع آبیاری (شاهد)، یک نوبت قطع آبیاری در مرحله رویشی و یک نوبت قطع آبیاری در مرحله زایشی[ و کرت­های فرعی با هشت سطح محلول­پاشی ]شاهد (بدون محلول­پاشی)، محلول­پاشی آب خالص، محلول­پاشی سولفات آهن یک درصد، محلول­پاشی سولفات آهن یک و نیم درصد، محلول­پاشی سولفات منگنز نیم درصد، محلول­پاشی سولفات منگنز یک درصد، محلول­پاشی توأم سولفات آهن یک درصد + سولفات منگنز نیم درصد و محلول­پاشی توأم سولفات آهن یک و نیم درصد + سولفات منگنز یک درصد[ طی مراحل قطع آبیاری در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که اعمال تیمار تنش کم­آبی در دو مرحله رویشی و زایشی اثر معناداری بر عملکرد و کلیه اجزای عملکرد دانه این رقم از ماش سبز داشته و بیشترین تأثیر تنش آبی در مرحله زایشی بود. محلول­پاشی توأم آهن و منگنز به­طور معناداری عملکرد دانه، تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، ارتفاع بوته، شاخص سطح برگ و غلظت آهن و منگنز دانه را افزایش داد. هرچند که تنش کم­آبی باعث کاهش صفات مورد مطالعه شد اما محلول­پاشی آهن و منگنز با ایجاد تحمل در گیاه باعث شد که گیاه دیرتر با شرایط تنش کم­آبی مواجه شده و عملکرد بهتری داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Foliar Application of Iron and Manganese on Yield and Yield Components of Mungbean under Water Deficit Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Aghdasi 1
  • SAM Modares Sanavy 2
  • M Aghaalikhani 3
  • H Keshavarz 4
1 Former M.Sc. Graduate Student, Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Tarbiat Modares Univ., Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Tarbiat Modares Univ., Iran
3 Assoc., Prof. Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Tarbiat Modares Univ., Iran
4 PhD. Student., Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Tarbiat Modares Univ., Iran
چکیده [English]

Water stress is one of the factors whish reduces the amount of nutrient uptake, greatly. In order to study the effect of foliar application of iron and manganese on yield and yield components of the mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Parto) under water deficit stress, an experiment was conducted as a complete randomized block design with split plot arrangement in three replications. Main plots were three levels of irrigation stoppings (With out stopping irrigation, with one irrigation turn stopping at each of the primary growth and the production stages, respectively) and submain plots were combination of foliar iron and manganese applications. The levels of foliar application were no foliar application (as control), water foliar application,iron sulfate 1%, iron sulfate 1.5%, manganese sulfate 0.5%, manganese sulfate 1%,iron sulfate 1%+manganese sulfate 0.5% and iron sulfate 1.5%+manganese sulfate 1%. The results showed that the treatment of water deficit stress at the vegetative and production stages had a significant effect on yield and yield components of the varieties of the mung bean. The hightest effect of water stress was related to the production stage. The combined foliar application of the iron and manganese significantly increased the grain yield, number of the pods per plant, grain weight, plant height, leaf area index, and grain iron and manganese content. However, drought stress reduced the studied traits, but foliar application of iron and manganese resulted in plant resistance that caused delay in appearance of the water stress in plant and thus improved the production performance.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water deficit stress
  • Ferrous sulfate
  • Manganese sulfate
  • Protein
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