Aghakhani Afshar A, Ghafourmaghrebi M, Esmeeli K, 2010. Experimental investigation the effect of pier slot geometry and side piers in reduce local scouring.Pp.1-8. 5th National Civil Engineering Conference. Ferdousi University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian)
Aronaghi H, Hosseinzadeh Dalir A, Farsadizade D, Fakherifard A and Eghbali P,2011. The operation of collar thickness in scouring of slot bridge pier.Pp.1-9. 10th Conference of Hydraulic. Guilan University, Iran. (In Persian)
Breusers H N C, Rudkivi AJ, 1991.Scouring-Hydraulic Structures Design Manual. IAHR, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherland.
Chiew YM, 1992. Scour protection at bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. ASCE118(11): 1260-1269. EL-Ghorab E, 2013. Reduction of scour around bridge piers using a modified method for vortex reduction. Alexandria Engineering Journal (2013) 52: 467–478.
El-Razck MA, El-Motaleb MA and Bayoumy M, 2003.Scour reduction around bridge piers using internal openings through the pier. Journal of Alexandria Engineering 42(2):241-248.
Ettema R, Kirkil G and Muste M, 2006. Similitude of large scale turbulence in experiments on local scour at cylinders. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE 132(1): 33-40.
Grimaldi C, Gaudio R, Calomino F and Cardoso AH, 2009.Countermeasures against local scouring at bridge piers: slot and combined system of slot bed sill. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ASCE 135(5): 425-431.
Hormozi MH, Talebbidokhti N and Shafai bajestan M,2014. Experimental investigations of the effect of Roughs rectangular form on reduce of local scouring around square form piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 9(2): 11-21.
Karimaee M and Zarrati AR, 2011. Effect of collar on time development and extent of scour hole around cylindrical bridge piers. International Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 25(1): 11-16.
Mashahir MB and Zarrati AR, 2002. Effect of Collar on Time Development of Scouring around Rectangular Bridge Piers. Pp.1-8.The 5th International Conference on Hydraulic. Shahid Bahonar Kerman University, Iran. (In Persian)
Mashahir MB, Zarrati AR, Rezaei MJ, Zokaei M, 2009. Effect of collars and bars in reduction the local scour around cylindrical bridge piers. International Journal of Engineering .22(4): 333-342.
Mehville BW and Chiew YM, 1999.Time scale for local scour depth at bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE 125(1): 59-65.
Mellvil BW, 1997. Pier and abutment scour. Integrated approach. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ASCE 132(2): 125-136.
Molaee H, 2014. Determination the effect of slot Geometry on reduction of reduction of scouring depth at Cylinder piers. Master’s thesis. Central Islamic Azad university of Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Moncada AT and Aguirre PEJ, Bolivar JC and Flores EJ, 2009. Scour protection of circular bridge piers with collar and slots. Journal of Hydraulic Research 47(1): 119-126.
Nozad H, Hiedarpour M and Afzalimehr H, 2001.Control and Reduction of local scouring of bridge pier with using slot in piers groups.Pp.1-9. 3th Conference of Hydraulic, Tehran University, Iran. (In Persian)
Pirmohammadi R and Heidarpour M, 2004.The effect of level of stability of riprap around of bridge piers.Pp.1-9 5th Conference of Hydraulic. Shahid Bahonar University, Iran.(In Persian)
Raudkivi AJ and Ettema R, 1983. Clear-water scour at cylindrical piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 109(3): 339-350.
Shafaibajestan M, 2008. Hydraulic of Sediment. Shahid Chmaran University Press, Iran.(In Persian)
Hosseini SS, Esmaeili Varaki M and Fazleola R, 2016. Experimental investigation of Scour around Inclined Bridge Piers Group Based on Piles Group. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Tabriz University.26(4-2):135-147.(In Persian)
Yasser AM, Yasser KS and Abdel-Azim MA, 2015. Experimental investigation of local scour around multi-vents bridge piers. Journal of Alexandria Engineering 54: 197–203.