پهنه‌بندی آسیب‌پذیری آبخوان دشت سلماس با مدل سینتکس و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی آسیب­پذیری منابع آب زیرزمینی می­تواند ابزاری موثر جهت اخذ تصمیم­های مدیریتی در نظر گرفته شود. در تحقیق حاضر، از مدل سینتکس (SINTACS) و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیائی (GIS) برای ارزیابی آسیب­پذیری آبخوان دشت سلماس استفاده گردید. این مدل از هفت پارامتر موثر بر انتقال آلودگی به آبخوان شامل عمق سطح ایستابی، نفوذ موثر یا تغذیه خالص آبخوان، محیط غیراشباع، نوع خاک، محیط آبخوان، هدایت هیدرولیکی و شیب یا توپوگرافی تشکیل شده است. نقشه پهنه­بندی آسیب­پذیری، سه پهنه عمده آسیب­پذیری کم (شاخص آسیب­پذیری 114-82)، آسیب­پذیری متوسط (شاخص آسیب­پذیری 146-114) و آسیب­پذیری زیاد (شاخص آسیب­پذیری 178-146) را نشان داد. حدود 47/31 درصد از مساحت منطقه مورد مطالعه از آسیب­پذیری کم، حدود 42/53 درصد از آسیب­پذیری متوسط و حدود 11/15 درصد از آسیب­پذیری زیاد برخوردار می­باشد. میزان تاثیر­گذاری هر کدام از پارامتر­ها در آلوده­سازی آبخوان با تحلیل حساسیت به روش حذف پارامتر و روش تک پارامتری، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج هر دو تحلیل نشان داد مهم­ترین پارامتر­های تاثیر­گذار بر شاخص آسیب­پذیری محدوده دشت سلماس محیط غیراشباع و عمق سطح ایستابی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Salmas- Plain Aquifer Vulnerability Mapping by SINTACS and GIS Models

نویسندگان [English]

  • SH Ashouri 1
  • SH Shahmohammadi-Kalalagh 2
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Dept. of Water Sci. and Eng., Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Water Sci. and Eng., Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Evaluation of groundwater resources vulnerability to pollution can be considered as an effective tool for management decisions. In this study, vulnerability of Salmas plain aquifer to pollution was assessed using SINTACS model and geographic information system (GIS). The SINTACS model consists of seven parameters including: Depth of water table, Infiltration, Unsaturated zone, Soil media, Aquifer media, Hydraulic conductivity and Topography. The vulnerability mapping showed three main zones; low groundwater vulnerability risk zone (risk indexes: 114-82), moderate groundwater vulnerability risk zone (risk indexes: 146-114) and high groundwater vulnerability risk zone (risk indexes:  178-146). The results showed that about 31.47%, 53.42% and 15.11% of the studied area had low, moderate and high vulnerability, respectively. Two tests of sensitivity analyses were carried out: map removal method and single-parameter method, for evaluating the influence of each parameter to pollute the aquifer. The results of both analyses indicated that parameters with most significant impact on the vulnerability risk zones in Salmas area were unsaturated zone and depth of water table.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquifers vulnerability
  • Geographic Information System
  • Pollution
  • Sensitivity analyses
  • SINTACS model

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 29، شماره 2
تیر 1398
صفحه 101-113

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