تأثیر فسفر و آلودگی سرب و روی بر سینتیک استخراج فسفر، سرب و روی قابل‌جذب از یک خاک آهکی در شرایط غرقاب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد گروه بیوشیمی دانشکده علوم طبیعی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

برای بررسی تأثیر فسفر (P) و آلودگی سرب (Pb) و روی (Zn) بر سینتیک استخراج P، Pb و Zn قابل­جذب از یک خاک آهکی در شرایط غرقاب،آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی و با چهار عامل‌ مدت غرقاب در شش سطح (1/0، 2، 6، 12، 36 و 72 روز)، Zn در دو سطح (0 و 250 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع ZnSO4.7H2O)، P در دو سطح (0 و 500 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O) و Pb در دو سطح (0 و 800 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع Pb(NO3)2)و با دو تکرار اجرا شد. در پایان هر یک از زمان­های غرقاب، P، Zn وPb  قابل­استخراج خاک با عصاره­گیر سلطانپور و شواب اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف P، Zn و Pb، به­ترتیب سبب افزایش P، Zn و Pb قابل­استخراج خاک گردید. در شرایط بدون کود فسفر، با افزایش مدت غرقاب شدن خاک، P قابل‌استخراج به­طور معناداری افزایش یافت در حالی‌که در شرایط با کود فسفر (500 میلی­گرم P بر کیلوگرم خاک) با افزایش مدت غرقاب شدن خاک، P قابل­استخراج به­طور میانگین 23 درصد کاهش یافت. در هر دو شرایط با و بدون Zn و Pb، با افزایش مدت غرقاب شدن خاک و مصرف کود P، Zn و Pb قابل­استخراج به­طور معناداری کاهش یافت. نتایج نشان داد که در خاک‌های آلوده به Pb یا Zn، مصرف کود P و غرقاب کردن خاک می‌تواند تحرک و زیست‌فراهمی این دو فلز سنگین را کاهش داده و موجب کاهش ورود آن­ها به آب‌ها و گیاهان گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Phosphorous and Contamination of Lead and Zinc on Extraction Kinetics of the Available P, Pb and Zn in a Calcareous Soil under Waterlogged Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Mardomi 1
  • N Najafi 2
  • A Reyhanitabar 2
  • GH Dehgan 3
1 Ph.D student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of phosphorus (P), contamination of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) and soil waterlogging on extraction kinetics of the available P, Zn and Pb in a calcareous soil, an experiment was conducted as factorial on the basis of completely randomized design with two replications under laboratory conditions with four factors consisting waterlogging duration at six levels  (0.1, 2, 6, 12, 36 and 72 days), Zn at two levels (0 and 250 mg kg−1 soil), P at two levels (0 and 500 mg kg−1 soil) and Pb at two levels (0 and 800 mg kg−1 soil). The extractable-P, Zn and Pb contents were measured at the end of each time by Soltanpour and Schwab method. The results showed that application of P, Zn and Pb increased the extractable-P, Zn and Pb, respectively. The extractable-P was significantly increased with increasing duration of waterlogging under no P fertilizer application whereas P application (500 mg kg−1 soil) resulted in reducing the average extractable-P by 23%. The extractable-Zn and Pb significantly decreased with increasing duration of waterlogging and application of P fertilizer, regardless of Zn and Pb applications. The results showed that in Pb and Zn contaminated soils, application of P fertilizer and soil waterlogging could decrease mobility and bioavailability of these heavy metals, leading to restrict their entrance in waters and plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioavailability
  • Contamination
  • Lead
  • Phosphorous
  • Waterlogging
  • Zinc

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 29، شماره 2
تیر 1398
صفحه 29-42

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