ارزیابی تناسب اراضی دشت زنجان برای کشت آبی گندم، یونجه و سیب‌زمینی با استفاده از شاخص تناسب تطبیقی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

3 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

4 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر تلاش شده تا از طریق تلفیق درجات تناسب کیفی اراضی برای کشت آبی محصولات گندم، یونجه و سیب‌زمینی در دو منطقه هم‌جوار در دشت زنجان، شاخص تناسب تطبیقی (تناسب کلی) اراضی محاسبه شود. لذا در دو محدوده هم‌جوار واقع در دشت زنجان (شرق و غرب شهرک روی زنجان) به ترتیب با مساحت‌های تقریبی 4500 و 5500 هکتار از 56 و 68 نقطه نمونه­برداری با فاصله‌های 1000 متر نمونه‌های خاک تهیه شد. پس از تعیین درجه تناسب اراضی برای کشت آبی گندم، یونجه و سیب‌زمینی بر اساس تجزیه نمونه‌های خاک، اطلاعات اقلیمی و زمین­نما، نقشه‌های پیوسته‌ تناسب کیفی اراضی با استفاده از تخمین‌گر کریجینگ تهیه شد. در نهایت، شاخص تناسب تطبیقی (تناسب کلی) اراضی به‌صورت میانگینی از درجات تناسب اراضی برای محصولات مختلف محاسبه و سپس درون‌یابی و پهنه‌بندی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که ویژگی‌های اسیدیته خاک برای سیب‌زمینی و درصد ذرات درشت خاک برای هر سه کاربری محدودیت‌هایی را ایجاد می‌کنند. مقایسه نقشه‌های تناسب اراضی نشان داد که در مقایسه با اراضی واقع در غرب شهرک صنعتی، اراضی شرق این شهرک تناسب بالاتری برای کشت یونجه و گندم دارند؛ حال آن‌که برای کشت سیب‌زمینی، کلاس تناسب بحرانی حاصل شد. مقایسه نقشه‌های توزیع مکانی شاخص تناسب تطبیقی (تناسب کلی) اراضی بیانگر مقادیر قابل توجه تغیرات مکانی این شاخص در شرق و غرب شهرک صنعتی روی بوده و در مجموع، تناسب کلی اراضی واقع در محدوده شرق بیشتر از اراضی واقع در محدوده غرب است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Land Suitability Evolution of Zanjan Plain for Irrigated Wheat, Alfalfa and Potato Using the Land Versatility Index

نویسندگان [English]

  • MA Delavar 1
  • Y Safari 2
  • P Alamdari 3
  • Z Noori 4
1 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
2 Assis. Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
3 Assis. Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
4 Ms.C Graduate, Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study aimed to calculate the land versatility (overall land suitability) for irrigated wheat, alfalfa and potato in two adjacent areas in Zanjan plain using the combination of individual qualitative suitability degrees. Therefore in two adjacent areas located in Zanjan plain (in the east and west of Zanjan Zinc Town), with the total area of 4500 and 5500 hectares, respectively, 56 and 68 soil samples with distance of 1000 m were collected. After land suitability degrees determination for irrigated wheat, alfalfa, and potato based on the climatic data and soil and landscape analyses, continuous qualitative land suitability maps were produced using ordinary kriging estimator. Finally, the land versatility (overall land suitability) index, as an average of individual land suitability degrees for different crops, was calculated and then interpolated and mapped. The results showed that the soil pH for potato and the percentage of coarse fragments in the soil for all of the three studied crops caused some limitations. Comparison of land suitability maps revealed higher suitability of wheat and alfalfa farming in the eastern part of Zanjan Zinc Town in comparison with western part of it, while the suitability class for potato was marginal. Comparison of overall land suitability (versatility) index revealed a relatively high spatial variability in both of studied areas and also proved that overall suitability of the lands located in the east is more than the lands located in the west of Zanjan Zinc Town.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land versatility index
  • Zanjan plain
  • Spatial distribution maps
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