شناسایی و مطالعه کانی‌های رس در یک توالی لس-پالئوسول (مطالعه موردی: منطقه نکا)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 دانشیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

توالی­های لس-پالئوسول منابع ارزشمندی در خصوص کسب اطلاعات مربوط به محیط و آب و هوای گذشته هستند، از طرفی مطالعه کانی­های رسی شاخص مناسبی برای بررسی تغییرات اقلیم در شرایط گذشته است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش مطالعه شاخص­های تکاملی و ویژگی­های کانی­شناسی به روش پراش پرتو ایکس و طیف­بینی مادون قرمز در یک توالی لس-پالئوسول در منطقه نکا استان مازندران است. برای این منظور پس از انتخاب یک مقطع از خاک­های دارای توالی لس-پالئوسول نمونه­هایخاکدست­خورده و دست­نخورده از 13 لایه شناسایی شده، برای انجام آزمایش­هایفیزیکی، شیمیایی و کانی­شناسی جمع­آوری گردید. بر اساس نتایج مقطع مطالعه شده چهارمرحلهخاک­سازیراسپریکرده است. نتایجکانی­شناسینشانداددر پالئوسول­ها حضور کانی­های اسمکتیت، ورمی­کولیتو کانی­هایمختلطاسمکتیت-ایلیتبیان­گرشرایطمرطوب­ترومساعدترهوادیدگیدردورانبینیخچالی (اقلیم گرم­تر) است. حضوررس­هایاولیهوبدونتکامل درپوشش لسمؤید شرایطسردوخشکیخچالیاست. نتایج اندازه­گیری شکل­های مختلف آهن و منگنز نشان داد که در مراحل اولیه هوادیدگی و تکامل خاک آزادسازی آهن غیربلوری (فعال) از مقدار تشکیل آهن بلوری (پدوژنیک) در کانی­های خاک کمتر بوده و در نتیجه منجر به افزایش نسبتآهن غیربلوری نسبت به آهن بلوری شده است. با افزایش سن و درجه تکامل خاک، مقدار آهن پدوژنیک بیشتر شده و این نسبت کاهش یافته است. کانی­شناسی به­روش طیف­بینی مادون قرمز حضور کائولینیت را در افق­های قدیمی تائید کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Characterizing and Study of Clay Minerals in a Loess- Paleosol Sequence, (Case Study: Neka Area)

نویسندگان [English]

  • B Amiri 1
  • M A Delavar 2
  • P Alamdari 3
  • A Naderi 4
1 Ms.C Student, Department of Soil Science, Univ. of Zanjan
2 Assoc. Prof, Department of Soil Science, Univ. of Zanjan
3 Assist Prof, Department of Soil Science, Univ. of Zanjan
4 Ph.D student, Department of Soil Science, Univ. of Zanjan
چکیده [English]

Loess–paleosol sequence is a valuable information source related to previous climate of the environment. Studying clay minerals is a suitable index for evaluation of climate change in previous conditions. The aim of this study was to study the evolutionary and mineralogical indices according to Infrared Spectrum Transformation and analyzing X-ray Diffraction in a loess–paleosol sequence in Neka region, Mazandaran Province. For this purpose, a transect was selected and were conducted. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples from 13 identified horizons and layers were selected for physical, chemical and mineralogical analysis. Results showed that studied soil experienced four soil formation stages. Mineralogy results showed that in paleosol, presence of weathered minerals like smectite, vermiculite and mixed minerals including smectite-ilite represent moister and weathering-favorable conditions during interglacial period. Presence of primary clays and without evolution as loess covers represents glacial arid and cold conditions. Results of investigations indicated that at initial stages of soil weathering and development, it is possible to releasing non-crystalline (active) iron from soil minerals being more than crystalline (pedogenic) iron and cause increasing Feo/Fed ratio, while by increasing soil age and degree of evolution, pedogenic iron increases and reduces the ratio. Mineralogy using infrared spectroscopy confirmed presence of kaolinite in old horizons.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Loess–paleosol
  • Pedogenic iron
  • Previous climate
  • Evolutionary index
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