کارایی سامانه‌های رده‌بندی آمریکایی (ST) و جهانی (WRB) در توصیف ویژگی‌های خاک‌های شور و گچی در برخی مناطق استان آذربایجان شرقی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

4 استادیار، گروه آمار، دانشکده علوم ریاضی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

برای مدیریت و استفاده بهینه از خاک نیاز به رده­بندی درست خاک­ها و شناسایی ویژگی­های اصلی آنها می­باشد. بنابراین در این تحقیق کارایی دو سامانه  رده­بندی خاک و همچنین بررسی یکی از اصلی­ترین ویژگی­های خاک یعنی شناسایی و تخمین مقدار نسبی کانی­های رسی که بیشتر ویژگی­های خاک را تحت تاثیر قرار می­دهد مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور خاک­های شور و گچی دو منطقه از آذربایجان شرقی (دشت تبریز و خواجه) انتخاب و پس از تشریح خاکرخ­ها، همه افق­ها و لایه­ها نمونه­برداری شدند. سپس نمونه­ها آماده و آزمایشات مختلف برای بررسی کارایی دو سامانه آمریکایی و مرجع جهانی انجام گرفت. در اکثر خاکرخ­ها وجود افق­های تحتانی با بافت سنگین رسی باعث تجمع بیش از حد املاح در افق­های سطحی­ و میانی و تشکیل افق سالیک و جیپسیک شده است. بطور کلی خاک­های این دو منطقه بر اساس سامانه مرجع جهانی(WRB) و آمریکایی(ST) به ترتیب در سه گروه اصلی سولونچاک، سولونتز و جیپسی­سول و در دو زیررده سالیدز و جیپسیدز رده­بندی می­شوند. بر اساس نتایج کانی­شناسی، غالب­ترین و فراوان­ترین کانی رس در این خاک­ها، کانی ایلایت بوده که می­تواند به صورت کلاس کانی­شناسی در قسمت خانواده سامانه آمریکایی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در نتیجه سامانه جهانی (با پیشنهاد اضافه کردن کلاس مینرالوژی در لیست توصیف کننده­ها) نسبت به سامانه آمریکایی کارایی بهتری در توصیف ویژگی­های این خاک­ها در نام کلاس خود اراده می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Soil Taxonomy (ST) and World Reference Base (WRB) Systems Proficiency to describe Saline and Gypsiferous Soils Properties in Some Region of East Azerbaijan

نویسندگان [English]

  • V Montakhabi Kalajahi 1
  • AA Jafarzadeh 2
  • SH Oustan 3
  • F Shahbazi 4
1 Ph.D Student, Dept. of Soil Sci., Univ. of Tabriz. Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Soil Sci., Univ. of Tabriz. Iran
3 Assoc. Dept. of Soil Sci., Univ. of Tabriz. Iran
4 Assist. Dept. of Statistics, Univ. of Tabriz. Iran
چکیده [English]

The soil management and optimum usage require a correct soil classification and detection of their main characteristics. So in this research work, the Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base systems proficiency to qualify saline and gypsiferous soils properties and estimate of the relative amount of clay minerals with effect on soil characteristics are discussed. For this purpose, saline and gypsiferoussoils of two regions from east Azerbaijan (Dasht-e-Tabriz and Khaje) were selected and after soil profiles description, sampling of all horizons and layers were carried out. Then samples were prepaired and different experiments were conducted for the study of ST and WRB proficiency. In the majority of soil profiles, the presence of heavy textured lower horizons has caused excessive accumulation of salts in the surface and middle horizons and salic and gypsic horizons formations. In general, according to WRB and ST, soils of these regions are classified in three reference soil groups of solonchaks, solonetz and gypsisols and two suborders of salids and gypsids, respectively. Based on mineralogical results, the most common and abundant clay mineral in this soils were illite which could be used as a mineralogy class in family level of ST system. As a result, in this kind of soils, the WRB system by high explanation of soil properties and adding dominant clay minerals name in qualifiers can be superior to ST.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clay minerals
  • Gypsiferous soils
  • Saline soil
  • ST and WRB soil classification systems

مراجع

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 28، شماره 1
فروردین 1397
صفحه 55-67

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