اثر برهمکنش قارچ میکوریز آربوسکولار و باکتری محرک رشد گیاه بر شاخص‌های رشد و غلظت پرولین برگ گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی تحت سطوح مختلف شوری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

شوری آب و خاک از مهمترین عوامل محیطی کاهش دهندة رشد و تولید محصول در مناطق خشک و نیمه­خشک جهان از جمله ایران می­باشد. استفاده از باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه مخصوصاً سودوموناس­ها و نیز  قارچ­های میکوریزی از راهکارهای مفید برای تسهیل رشد گیاهان در خاک­های شور به­حساب می­آید. در این تحقیق اثر مایه‌زنی دو سویه از باکتریPseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens Tabriz (PFT) و P. fluorescens Cha0 (PFC)) ،و قارچ Rhizophagus irregularis بر غلظت پرولین برگ و برخی از شاخص­های رشد گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی رقم Super Strain B تحت چهار سطح شوری (56/1، 3، 6 و 9 دسی­زیمنس­بر متر به­ترتیب 123S و 4S) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه­های آماری نشان داد که وزن تر اندام­هوایی گیاهان غیرمیکوریزی (-AM) به­طور معنی­دار (36/17%) بالاتر از گیاهان میکوریزی (+AM) است (05/0p<). اثر اصلی باکتری بر تمام پارامترهای اندازه­گیری شده در این تحقیق معنی­دار شد. وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام­هوایی و شاخص کلروفیل برگ­ها در حضور تیمار PFC به­طور معنی­دار (05/0p<) بالاتر از تیمار PFT و تیمار PF0 (تیمار شاهد بدون باکتری) شد و کاربرد هر دو تیمار باکتریایی توانست درصد کلنیزاسیون ریشه را نسبت به تیمار شاهد بطور معنی­دار (تیمار PFC 88/34% و تیمار PFT 22/31%) افزایش دهد (05/0p<). وزن تر ریشه و شاخص کلروفیل گیاه با افزایش سطوح شوری تا سطح 3S روند افزایشی داشته و در 4S، این دو پارامتر  کاهش یافتند (05/0p<). همچنین درصد کلنیزاسیون ریشه با افزایش سطوح شوری کاهش معنی­دار (05/0p<) و غلظت پرولین برگ­ها با افزایش شوری افزایش معنی­دار نشان داد (05/0p<).

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterium Interaction on Growth Indices and Leaf Proline Concentration of Tomato under Salinity Levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Hakimi 1
  • N Aliasgharzad 2
1 Former M.Sc Student of Soil Biol. and Biotechnol., Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Soil Sci., Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The soil and water salinity are usually crucial factors in diminishing the growth and production of crops in arid and semiarid areas. Inoculation of plant with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria particularly Pseudomonas andmycorrhizal fungi are helpful ways to facilitate plant growth in saline soils. In this research, the effects of two strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens Tabriz(PFT) and P. fluorescens Cha0(PFC))and the mycorrhizal fungus, Rhizophagus irregularis on proline concentration in plant leaves as well as some growth indices of tomato (var. Super strain B) under 4 different levels of salinity (1.56, 3, 6 and 9 dS m-1 S1, S2, S3 and S4, respectively) were studied, The results showed that plant fresh weight was significantly (17.36%) higher in non mycorrhizal plant (-AM) than mycorrhizal plant (+AM) (p<0.05). The bacteria had significant effect on measured parameters. The dry and fresh weight of the root and shoot and chlorophyll index of leaves at the presence of PFC were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those at the presence of PFT and PF0 (non-bacterial control) and application of both bacteria increased root mycorrhizal colonization percentage compared to the PF0 (PFC 34.88% and PFT 31.22%). Root fresh weight and chlorophyll index of the plant increased with the increase of salinity levels up to S3 but at S4 level these two parameters decreased (p<0.05). Also, the root mycorrhizal colonization percentage significantly decreased by increasing the salinity levels while the proline concentration of leaves significantly increased (p<0.05) with enhancement of the salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
  • Plant growth indices
  • Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
  • Proline concentration
  • Pseudomonas
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