تأثیر غلظت‌های مختلف کروم (ш) بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس ریحان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- مربی آموزشیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 2- استادیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

افزایش غلظت فلزات سنگین زیان­های قابل ملاحظه­ای بر خاک وارد می­آورد. با توجه به استفاده روز افزون از کود­های شیمیایی، آفت­کش­ها و توسعه شهرنشینی و فعالیت­های صنعتی احتمال تجمع فلزات سنگین در گیاهان رو به افزایش است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات ناشی از سمیت کلرید کروم بر ویژگی­های مورفولوژیکی و ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس گونه دارویی ریحان سبز (Ocimum basilicum L.) در شرایط کنترل شده بود. به این منظور، اثر شش تیمار کلرید کروم (صفر(شاهد)، 01/0، 1/0، 1، 5، 10 میلی مولار) با چهار تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاٌ تصادفی در شرایط گلخانه­ای با کشت گیاه ریحان در بستر پرلیت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که غلظت کروم تاثیر معنی­داری بر ویژگی­های مورفولوژیکی اندام هوایی و ریشه و ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس داشت. با افزایش غلظت کروم، ویژگی­های مورفولوژیکی به طور معنی­داری نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافتند. تجمع کروم در بستر کشت مانع رسیدن عناصر مورد نیاز برای رشد، به اندام­های مختلف و در نتیجه جلوگیری از رشد طبیعی گیاه گردید. غلظت­های مختلف کروم بر ترکیبات اصلی اسانس ریحان تاثیر داشته و با مصرف سطوح مختلف کروم میزان لینالول و اوژنول نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش نشان دادند، که این در نتیجه تنش فلز کروم و القای پاسخ­های دفاعی و تحریک مسیر بیوسنتز و انباشت اسانس بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Different Concentrations of Chromium (ш) on Morphological Characteristics and Essential Oil Chemical Composition of Basil

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Tashakorizadeh 1
  • AH Saeidneja 2
چکیده [English]

Increasing concentration of heavy metals causes considerable harmful effects on soil. Due to enhanced application of fertilizers, pesticides and also increasing urbanization and industrial activities, accumulation of heavy metals in medicinal plants may be occurred. In this research, effects of chromium toxicity on some morphological characteristics and essential oil chemical composition of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under controlled conditions were studied. Therefore, effects of six treatments of Cr (control, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10 mM) based on a completely randomized design with 4 replications in perlite culture was studied. The results of data analysis of variance showed that the effects of different concentrations of Cr on morphological characteristics of shoot and root and essential oil chemical composition were significant. The application of different Cr concentrations decreased morphological characteristics, this reduction was a significant amount compared to the control treatment. It was observed that substrate pollution with heavy metals like Cr inhibited the absorption of essential elements to the plants shoot and thus, repelled the growing process. Different concentrations of chromium increased main compounds of Basil essential oil, such as Linalool and Eugenol and this rise was the result of the stress of chrome and induction of defense responses and stimulation of the bio synthesis's path and the accumulation of essential oil. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chromium toxicity
  • Eugenol
  • Linalool
  • Root
  • Shoot
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