اثر هیدروچار لجن‌ فاضلاب و نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های رشد گیاه برنج در یک خاک آلوده به مس در شرایط گلخانه‌ای

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

برای کاهش بار میکروبی و سرعت تجزیه لجن فاضلاب می‌توان این پسماند آلی را به هیدروچار تبدیل و در خاک مصرف کرد. برای بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف لجن فاضلاب و هیدروچار آن یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی در 3 تکرار با 3 عامل ماده آلی در سه سطح (شاهد، 10 گرم لجن فاضلاب و 10 گرم هیدروچار لجن فاضلاب بر کیلوگرم خاک)، نیتروژن در دو سطح (صفر و mg/kg 250)، مس در سه سطح (صفر، 10 و 250 mg/kg) در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که با مصرف لجن فاضلاب و هیدروچار آن، ماده خشک شاخساره و ریشه، تعداد پنجه، تعداد خوشه، تعداد برگ، طول برگ، عرض برگ، ارتفاع گیاه و قطر ساقه در محل طوقه نسبت به شاهد به‌طور معنادار افزایش یافت و میزان این افزایش در حضور لجن فاضلاب بیشتر از هیدروچار آن بود. مصرف 250 میلی‌گرم نیتروژن بر کیلوگرم خاک باعث افزایش معنادار صفت‌های مذکور نسبت به شاهد گردید. آلودگی خاک با مس باعث کاهش معنادار‌ تعداد پنجه، تعداد خوشه، تعداد برگ، وزن ماده خشک ریشه نسبت به شاهد شد. مصرف هیدروچار لجن فاضلاب و کود اوره با کاهش غلظت مس در شاخساره گیاه برنج اثر سمیت مس را کاهش و تحمل گیاه را در برابر سمیت مس افزایش داد. برای دستیابی به رشد مطلوب برنج در هر دو شرایط آلوده و غیرآلوده به مس، مصرف 10 گرم لجن فاضلاب یا هیدروچار آن و 250 میلی‌گرم نیتروژن بر کیلوگرم خاک می‌تواند توصیه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Sewage Sludge-Derived Hydrochar and Nitrogen on Growth Characteristics of Rice in a Cu-Spiked Soil in a greenhouse experiment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elnaz Abdolmaleki 1
  • Nosratollah Najafi 2
  • Adel Reyhanitabar 3
1 M.Sc.Graduate, Soil Science Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
2 Prof., Soil Science Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., Soil Science Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effects of different levels of sewage sludge and sewage sludge-derived hydrochar a greenhouse experiment was performed in a factorial combination based on a completely randomized design with three replications and three factors of organic matter at three levels (control, 10g sewage sludge, and 10 g sewage sludge-derived hydrochar per kilogram), nitrogen at two levels (0, and 250 mg per kg soil as urea), and copper at three levels (0, 10, and 250 mg Cu per kilogram as copper sulfate). The results showed that by applications of sewage sludge and its hydrochar, the dry matters of shoot and root, tillers number, spikes number, leaves number, leaf length, leaf width, plant height, and stem diameter were significantly increased as compared to the control and the amount of this increase in the presence of sewage sludge was greater than that of hydrochar. Also, the using of 250 mg N per kilogram increased the mentioned characteristics relative to the control. The soil contamination Cu significantly reduced the tillers number, spikes number, leaves number, and root dry matter as compared to the control. The use of sewage sludge hydrochar and N fertilizer reduced the Cu toxicity and increased rice tolerance to Cu toxicity by reducing the Cu concentration in rice shoot. To achieve rice optimum growth in both Cu contaminated and non-contaminated conditions, the use of 10 g sewage sludge or sewage sludge-derived hydrochar and 250 mg N per kilogram soil can be recommended at similar conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Copper
  • Hydrochar
  • Rice
  • Sewage Sludge
  • Urea
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