ارزیابی مدل‏های گردش عمومی و رتبه‏بندی آن‏ها به‏منظور شبیه‏سازی هیدرولوژیک

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشگاه ارومیه-گروه مهندسی آب

چکیده

در طی دهه‏های اخیر بیش از 40 مدل‏ گردش عمومی جو[1] در مراکز علمی دنیا برای شبیه‏سازی و پیش‏بینی اقلیم جهان توسعه یافته است. این مدل‏ها براساس شرایط اولیه و مرزی، متغیرهای مورد استفاده آب و هوا و ساختار متفاوت می‏باشند. لذا برای استفاده از این مدل‏ها برای پیش‏بینی آب وهوای آینده در هر منطقه، ارزیابی نظام‏مند عملکرد مدل‏های مذکور در شبیه‏سازی سری زمانی پارامترهای اقلیمی تاریخی مانند دما و بارندگی روزانه، ماهیانه و سالیانه الزامی خواهد بود. بدین منظور در این مطالعه یک روش نوآورانه نظام‏مند برای ارزیابی عملکرد 36 مدل گردش عمومی جو از گزارش پنجم هیئت بین‌الدول تغییر اقلیم[2] در دامنه‏های جنوبی رشته‏کوه‏های البرز انجام پذیرفته است. براساس نتایج، به‏کارگیری روش نوآورانه دارای دقت غیرقابل مقایسه‏ای در انتخاب درست مدل گردش عمومی در هر منطقه خواهد بود. همچنین نتایج بیانگر دقت نامناسب اکثر مدل‏ها در شبیه‏سازی دما و به‏ویژه بارندگی تاریخی در منطقه مطالعاتی (همانند سایر مطالعات معتبر در دنیا) بوده و حتی در مدل‏های برتر محدوده مطالعاتی نیز شبیه‏سازی بارندگی ماهیانه تاریخی مناسب نبوده است. در نهایت براساس پنج شاخص آماری ضریب نش[3]، اریب[4]، تبیین، ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا[5] و متوسط خطای مطلق[6]، مدل‏های ACCESS1.0 وGFDL-CM3 با اولویت بالاتر و دو مدل CNRM-CM5 و GFDL-ESM2G در اولویت بعدی برای بررسی تغییر اقلیم و پیش‏بینی متغیرهای دما و بارندگی سال‏های آینده در محدوده مطالعاتی رتبه‏بندی و پیشنهاد گردید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating Global Climate Models and Ranking them for Hydrological Simulation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mona Ahmadian 1
  • Majid Montaseri 2
1 Water Department, Agriculture Faculty, Urmia University
2 Urmia University- Dept. of Water Resource Eng.
چکیده [English]

Over the past decades, more than 40 global climate models have been developed in scientific centers around the world to simulate and predict the world climate change. These models are different depending on the initial and boundary conditions, the variables used in the climate, and the structure. Therefore, to use these models to predict future climate in each region, systematically evaluation performance of these models in simulating the time series of observed climatic parameters such as daily, monthly and annually temperature and precipitation will be required. Hence, in this study, an innovative systematic approach for evaluating the performance of 36 global climate models from the Fifth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report on the southern slopes of Alborz Mountains is done. Based on the results, applying the innovative method will have incomparable accuracy in the right choice of general circulation model in each region. The results also indicate the inappropriate accuracy of most models in simulating temperature and especially historical precipitation in the study area (as in other valid studies in the world) and even in the top models of the study area the historical monthly precipitation simulation was not appropriate. Finally based on five statistical properties of Nash–Sutcliffe, bias, correlation, root mean square error and mean absolute error, ACCESS1.0 and GFDL-CM3 models with higher priority and CNRM-CM5 and GFDL-ESM2G models are proposed in the next priority for climate change studies and future temperature and precipitation values prediction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climate change
  • CMIP5
  • Global climate models
  • Ranking
  • Statistical characteristics

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 31، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 69-84

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