تخمین هدایت الکتریکی (EC) خاک شور-سدیمی طی فرآیند آبشویی با استفاده از برنامه HYDRUS-1D

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 Ahvaz-Shahid Chamran University ofAhvaz

چکیده

تخریب خاک در نتیجه شور و سدیمی شدن یکی از مهمترین مشکلات مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک است. برای حل این مشکل، آبشویی نمک‌های تجمع یافته در این خاک‌ها ضروری است. در این پژوهش، کارایی مدل HYDRUS-1D در پیش‌بینی‌ روند شوری‌زدایی در خاک شور و سدیمی واقع در شمال اهواز بررسی شد. آبشویی به روش منقطع شامل تیمار دارای ماده اصلاح کننده (اسید سولفوریک) و تیمار بدون ماده اصلاح کننده و چهار تیمار عمق آب آبشویی شامل 25، 50‌ ، 75 و 100 سانتی‌متر آب در چهار تکرار در کرت‌های 1 1 متر مربع صورت پذیرفت. منحنی‌های شوری خاک پس از هر مرحله آبشویی رسم گردید. ویژگی‌های هیدرولیکی خاک براساس خصوصیات زودیافت اندازه‌گیری شده با استفاده از برنامه Rosseta برآورد شد. پارامترهای هیدرولیکی و همچنین مقدار شوری اندازه‌گیری شده نیمرخ خاک به عنوان ورودی برنامه HYDRUS-1D استفاده شدند و تغییرات شوری نیمرخ خاک طی دوره‌های مختلف آبشویی به روش حل معکوس برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد خاک‌های تیمار شده با ماده اصلاح کننده EC متفاوتی نسبت به شاهد داشتند اما این تفاوت چشمگیری نبود زیرا گچ و آهک موجود در خاک‌های مورد مطالعه کلسیم مورد نیاز برای اصلاح را تامین کرده بودند. بهترین برآورد انتقال املاح مربوط به اعماق کمتر از 100 سانتی متری خاک و دورهای اول و دوم آبشویی بود. بطور کلی نتایج حاصل از شبیه‌سازی انتقال نشان داد مدل HYDRUS-1D برآورد مناسبی از شوری خاک دارد. بنابراین می‌توان مدل HYDRUS-1D را به عنوان ابزاری مناسب برای پیش‌بینی انتقال املاح در خاک‌های شور و سدیمی معرفی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of electrical conductivity of saline-sodic soils during leaching process using HYDRUS-1D

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sareh shafiefar 1
  • Ahmad Farrokhian Firouzi 2
  • Ataallah Khademalrasoul 3
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IRAN
3 Department of soil science, faculty of agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Soil degradation caused by salinization and sodification is one of major problem in arid and semi-arid regions. To overcome this problem, leaching of accumulated salts from such soils is necessary. In this research, HYDRUS-1D model was used to predict desalination process in saline-sodic soil located in north of Ahvaz. Therefore, Leaching experiments in both with (sulfuric acid) and without reclaiming material was performed in in 11 m2 plots. All experiments were accomplished by applying 100 cm of water in four-25 cm intervals. Desalinization leaching curves were measured. Also, soil texture, field capacity and permanent wilting point water contents, saturated hydraulic conductivity and solute distribution in soil profile were measured. Then, solute transport during leaching process was simulated using HYDRUS-1D by inverse method. The results of the study indicated that all the used amendments showed a pronounced difference in EC compared with control but the difference wasn't significant. Because of, the soils have enough calcium carbonate and gypsum which provide requirement calcium for reclamation. The model predicted solute transport in depths less than 100cm better than other. The simulated results indicated that amount of estimated EC in the first and second period of leaching fit to observed data better than other periods. Over all, the results of solute transport simulation during leaching experiments revealed that HYDRUS-1D provide reasonable description EC distribution in soil profile. So HYDRUS-1D model can be introduced as a suitable tool for prediction solute transport in soil under field condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • model
  • leaching
  • salinity
  • Khuzestan
  • HYDRUS-1D

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 31، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 55-68

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