برآورد آب مجازی شیر تولیدی گاو هولشتاین در استان آذربایجان شرقی تحت کشت آبی عناصر جیره‌ی غذایی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده ی کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان -سنندج-ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

با رشد جمعیت و افزایش نیاز به غذا، افزایش تولید محصولات کشاورزی و دامی ضروری است و استفاده‌ی بهینه از آب در فرآیند تولید از الزامات کشاورزی و دامپروری پایداراست. جهت بهینه کردن میزان آب مصرفی در تولید محصولات دامی باید به میزان آب مصرفی محصولات موجود در ترکیب جیره‌ی غذایی و مقادیر آب شرب و آب مربوط به خدمات نگهداری دام توجه شود. به این میزان آب مصرفی که در فرآیند تولید محصول دامی استفاده شده است آب مجازی محصول گفته می-شود. هدف از این تحقیق برآورد آب مجازی شیر مربوط به گاو هلشتاین در استان آذربایجان‌شرقی با در نظر گرفتن راندمان‌های آبیاری 33، 60 و 90 درصد بود. مقادیر آب مجازی مربوط به محصولات گندم، جو، ذرت علوفه‌ای، سویا، چغندر علوفه‌ای و یونجه در استان با راندمان آبیاری 33 درصد به ترتیب 2/1، 5/1، 13/0، 8/3، 2/2 و 4/2 مترمکعب در کیلوگرم محاسبه شد. بر اساس راندمان آبیاری ذکر شده میزان آب مصرفی شیر برای چهاردوره‌ی شیردهی بعد از زایش، پرشیر، متوسط شیر و کم شیر 5/1، 4/1، 4/2 و3/3 مترمکعب در کیلوگرم بدست آمد. با افزایش راندمان آبیاری از 33 به 60 و 90 درصد، آب مصرفی شیر تولیدی به ترتیب 43 و 60 درصد کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Calculating Virtual Water of Holstein Milk Production in East‌ Azerbaijan under Irrigated Condition of Feed Ingredient.

نویسندگان [English]

  • sima Asgharzad Danesh 1
  • ahmad fakheri fard 2
1 water engineering department-agriculture faculty-Kurdistan university- sanandaj-Iran
2 water engineering department-agriculture faculty-Tabriz university
چکیده [English]

Population growth requires extending agriculture and ranching to meet food demand and optimizing water use is necessary for a sustainable agriculture and ranching activities. To water use optimization in livestock production procedure, Amount of water utilized in diet ingredient producing and livestock drinking and servicing water should be noted. This amount of water used to produce livestock production called virtual water of production. The aim of this paper is computing virtual water of Holstein milk production in East Azerbaijan considering three irrigation efficiency 33, 60 and 90 percent. Average virtual water content of wheat, barley, corn, soybean, beet and alfalfa were 1.2, 1.5, 0.13, 3.8, 2.2 and 2.4 cubic meters per a kilogram production by considering 33 percent irrigation efficiency. According to 33 percent of irrigation efficiency the virtual water of milk for after parturition, high yielding, average yielding and low yielding durations were 1.5, 1.4, 2.4 and 3.3 cubic meters per a kilogram production. If percentage of irrigation efficiency increased by 60 and 90, virtual water of milk would decrease 43 and 60 percent respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Virtual water
  • diet
  • irrigation efficiency
  • milk production
  • Holstein

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 31، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 73-86

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