بر رسی تکامل خاک با استفاده از شاخص‌های مقادیر رس، آهن، آلومینیوم و منگنز در یک ردیف اقلیمی استان ایلام

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام

2 گروه مهندسی آب و خاک- دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه ایلام

3 گروه آموزشی خاک و آب، دانشگده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام

چکیده

< p>در بین عوامل خاک‌سازی، اقلیم با تأثیر بر شدت هوادیدگی و تخریب مواد مادری نقش اساسی را در تکامل خاک بازی می‌کند. به منظور بررسی اثرات اقلیم بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و تکامل خاک‌ها در استان ایلام، دو منطقه از یک ردیف اقلیمی انتخاب شد. هدف این پژوهش مقایسه میزان تکامل خاک در ردیف اقلیمی مدنظر بر اساس شاخص‌های مقادیر رس، آهن، آلومینیوم و منگنز خاک بوده و5 خاکرخ در هر یک از واحد‌های اراضی دشت‌های صالح‌آباد و ایلام حفر، تشریح و نمونه‌برداری شد. نتایج آنالیز ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی خاکرخ‌ها در دو منطقه، متفاوت بوده و تفاوت‌ معنی‌دار در تمام پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی بغیر از pH و سیلت مشاهده گردید. بعلاوه، افزایش قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی در خاک‌های صالح‌آباد با رژیم رطوبتی یوستیک و رژیم حرارتی هایپرترمیک نسبت به اراضی منطقه ایلام با رژیم رطوبتی زریک و رژیم حرارتی ترمیک بیانگر تأثیر اقلیم بوده و تغییر رده خاک از اینسپتی‌سول‌ها در صالح‌آ‌باد به مالی‌سول‌ها در ایلام مرتبط با تغییر رژیم‌های رطوبتی و حرارتی ‌می‌باشد. رده‌بندی خاک‌ها نشان داد که خاک‌های منطقه صالح‌آباد و ایلام به ترتیب در زیرگروه‌های Gypsic Calciustepts، Gypsic Haplustepts و Typic Calcixerolls و Typic Haploxerolls قرار می‌گیرند. بر اساس نتایج حاصله مقادیر آهن، آلومینیوم و منگنز در خاکرخ‌های ایلام نسبت به صالح‌آباد بیشتر بوده و هوادیدگی کمتر در منطقه صالح‌آباد به دلیل اقلیم خشک‌تر، رطوبت کمتر و درجه حرارت بیشتر صورت گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Soil Evolution Investigation Using Clay, Iron, Aluminum and Manganese Indices in a Climosequence of Ilam Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • foziyeh kohani 1
  • Mahmood Rostaminia 2
  • fatemeh valizadeh kakhki 3
1 College of Agriculture, University of Ilam
2 Department of soil and water engineering, Faculty of Agriculture,University of Ilam, Ilam Province, Iran
3 soil and water engineering department, faculty of agriculture, university of ilam
چکیده [English]

< p >Among the soil forming factors, climate by effect on weathering severity and parent material degradation plays a basic role on soil evolution. In order to investigate the effects of climate on soil physicochemical properties and evolution in Ilam province, two regions from a climosequence were selected. The purpose of this study was to compare soil evolution in a climosequence according to the soil indices of clay, iron, aluminum, manganese. The results of physicochemical analysis of Salehabad and Ilam soil profiles in two regions were different and significant difference were observed within the all parameters except pH and silt. In addition, electrical conductivity increase in Salehabad soils with ustic moisture regime and hyperthermic temperature regime comparing to Ilam soils with xeric moisture and thermic temperature regimes revealed the climate effect on them and changes in soil orders from Inceptisols in Salehabad to Mollisols in Ilam were related to the changes in moisture and temperature regimes. Based on obtained results the iron, aluminum and manganese amounts in Ilam soil profiles were higher than those in Salehabad ones and less weathering in Salehabad region were happened by drier climate, lower humidity and higher temperature. Additionally, the results showed that the horizons with gypsum did not have potential to store clay and metal oxides, and the soil evolution according to the distribution and amount of iron, aluminum and manganese offered a better understanding of the soils and their forming conditions and the Ilam soils showed further evolution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pedogenic iron
  • Gypsic horizon
  • Moisture and temperature regimes
  • soil evolution indices
  • Weathering
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