استفاده از نرم افزار HYDRUS در شبیه سازی حرکت و جذب آب درخاک و ارائه نرم افزار SWMRUM

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشکده ریاضی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

مدل‌های عددی در شبیه سازی حرکت آب در خاک کاربرد فراوان دارند. این مدل‌ها نیازمند وارد کردن مدل جذب بوسیله سیستم ریشه در خاک می­باشند. در این تحقیق دو مدل حرکت آب در خاک شامل مدل جدید ارائه شده (SWMRUM) و دیگری نرم افزارHYDRUS  بر اساس اندازه گیری‌های صحرایی در باغ سیب مقایسه گردیدند. با استفاده از دستگاه رطوبت سنج TDR ، درصد حجمی آب خاک در دو جهت شعاعی (R) و عمق (Z) اندازه گیری شد. مدل دو بعدی  جذب آب توسط ریشه بر اساس تابع توزیع تراکم ریشه، تعرق پتانسیل، فاکتور تصحیح تنش آب و تعیین تأثیر ریشه در حرکت آب بسط داده شد. مدل حاصله با معادله جریان آب در خاک مبتنی بر حل معادله ریچاردز تلفیق گردید. نتایج شبیه سازی شده با داده­های رطوبت خاک حاصل از انداز‌ه‌گیری‌های میدانی مقایسه و همبستگی قابل قبولی بین آن­ها مشاهده شد. تحلیل خطای برآورد مدل که برابر تفاوت بین داده‌های رطوبت اندازه‌گیری‌شده و تخمین زده شده می‌باشد، با به کار گیری پارامترهای حداکثر خطا (ME)، ریشه مجذور میانگین خطا (RMSE)، ضریب تعیین (CD)، کارایی مدل (EF)، ضریب تجمعی باقیمانده (CRM)، تشریح و بر اساس این پارامترها تحلیل کاملی از مقایسه نتایج ارائه شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد که میزان جذب حداکثر آب در حدود 04/0  m3m-3d-1  در  عمق 30-25 سانتیمتری خاک و حداقل جذب در حدود 005/0  m3m-3d-1  در عمق 80 سانتیمتر اتفاق می‌افتد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Applications of HYDRUS and the Proposed SWMRUM Software in Simulating Water Flow with Root Water Uptake Through Soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Besharat 1
  • AH Nazemi 2
  • AA Sadraddini 2
  • S Shahmorad 3
چکیده [English]

Numerical models are frequently used for simulation of water movement in soils. Soil water flow simulation models require a description of root water uptake as a sink term. In this study, two water flow models including the proposed SWMRUM model and the HYDRUS software were compared based on the field measurement in an apple orchard. Probe-type time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to measure soil volumetric water content within radial (R) and depth (Z) vectors. Root water uptake model includes root density distribution function, potential transpiration and soil water stress-modified factor. A root water uptake sink term was developed, and entered into a soil water dynamic model to enable simulation of water flow in soil via numerical solution of Richards equation. The outputs from the two models were compared against the measured water content data. Simulated and measured water contents were in excellent agreement. Analysis of residual errors, differences between the measured and simulated values, was performed to evaluate the model performance, based on the maximum error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (CD), modeling efficiency (EF), and coefficient of residual mass (CRM). Results showed that maximum root water uptake was 0.04 m3m-3d-1 at 25-30 cm depth and the minimum was 0.005 m3m-3d-1 at 80 cm depth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Numerical solution
  • Richards’ equation
  • Root distribution
  • SWMRUM software
  • Water flow
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