تأثیر مدیریت‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی بر شکل‌های معدنی فسفر خاک

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب ‌و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب‌ و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار آبیاری و زهکشی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات وآموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان

4 دانش‌آموخته دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب‌ و خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

خاک­ورزی می­تواند به­طور قابل­توجهی باروری و پایداری سیستم­های نوین کشاورزی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. همچنین طبیعت شیمیایی فسفر خاک می­تواند تحت تأثیر عملیات خاک­ورزی قرار گیرد. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی اثر خاک‌ورزی‌های مختلف بر شکل‌های معدنی فسفر خاک (فسفر لبایل، فسفر نسبتاً لبایل، فسفر غیر لبایل و فسفر باقی‌مانده) با استفاده از روش عصاره‌گیری دنباله‌ای بوومن و کول (1978) بود. بدین منظور نمونه‌برداری خاک به­صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی از چهار روش خاک‌ورزی مختلف (مرسوم، بستر برآمده، کم‌خاک‌ورزی و بی‌خاک‌ورزی) از عمق­های 8-0 و 16-8 سانتی‌متری در 5 تکرار صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار فسفر معدنی کل و نیز شکل‌های مختلف فسفر معدنی به جز فسفر معدنی غیرلبایل در اثر خاک‌ورزی تغییرات معنی‌داری داشت. تغییر خاک‌ورزی از مرسوم به خاک‌ورزی‌های حفاظتی موجب افزایش معنی‌دار فسفر معدنی در شکل‌های لبایل، نسبتاً لبایل و باقی‌مانده شد. بیش‌ترین تغییرات را فسفر معدنی لبایل از خود نشان داد، به گونه‌ای که میزان این شکل از فسفر از 51/9 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم در خاک‌ورزی مرسوم به 37/21 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم در کم‌خاک‌ورزی تغییر یافت که نشانگر افزایش حدوداً 2 برابری بود. تیمار بی‌خاک‌ورزی با 678 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بالاترین و خاک‌ورزی مرسوم با 580 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم کم‌ترین مقدار فسفر نسبتاً لبایل را داشت. بیشترین و کمترین فسفر معدنی کل به­ترتیب با مقادیر 95/522 و 98/441 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم در بی‌خاک‌ورزی و خاک­ورزی مرسوم مشاهده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که تغییر خاک‌ورزی مرسوم به روش‌های خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی اثر قابل توجهی بر مقدار ذخایر فسفر خاک دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Different Tillage Managements on Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Pools

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Mohammadi 1
  • Mojtaba Baranimotlagh 2
  • Mohammad Esmaeil Asadi 3
  • Seyed Alireza Movahedi Naeini 2
  • Somayeh Sefidgar Shahkolaie 4
1 M.Sc Gradute, Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Water and Soil Engin., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Water and Soil Engin. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assoc. Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
4 PhD Graduate, Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Water and Soil Engin., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Tillage can significantly influence the productivity and sustainability of modern farming systems. In addition, the chemical nature of soil P is affected by tillage practice. The aim of this work was to determine changes of inorganic P fractions in a soil (labile, moderately labile, nonlabile, residual) under different tillage managements using Bowman and Cole (1978) procedure. Soil samples were taken from four different tillage treatments {conventional tillage (CT), Raised Bed Tillage (RB), Minimum Tillage (MT) and No-Tillage (NT)} from 0-8 and 8-16 cm depths with a factorial randomized complete block design with 5 replicates. The results showed that the tillage systems had significant effect on total P and all inorganic phosphorous except on nonlabile inorganic phosphorus. The change in soil tillage from conventional to conservation tillage significantly increased the amount of inorganic phosphorus forms (labile P, moderately labile P, residual P).  The most significant variation belonged to in labile inorganice phosphorus, in which the amount of labile inorganic phosphorus in conventional tillage (9.51 mgkg-1) increased to 21.37 mgkg-1 in minimum tillage (MT), indicating an increase of approximately 2 times compared to conventional tillage. No-tillage treatment showed the highest amount of moderately labile P (678 mgkg-1) and the lowest amount (580 mgkg-1) was in conventional tillage. The highest and lowest amounts of total inorganic P (522.95 and 441.98 mgkg-1) were observed in No-tillage and conventional tillage, respectively. The results of this study indicated that the change in soil tillage from conventional to conservation tillagehas considerable effect on soil P reserve.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • The effect of Different Tillage Managements on Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Forms

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 30، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 1-14

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