ارزیابی شوری خاک و عملکرد گندم با استفاده از مدل SALTMED (مطالعه موردی: دشت بوکان)

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دوره دکتری آبیاری و زه‌کشی، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل

2 استادیار گروه آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل

3 استادیار گروه آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد مهاباد

چکیده

دشت بوکان با بیشترین تولید گندم در استان به عنوان انبار غله استان آذربایجان غربی نامیده می­شود. شوری آب و خاک می­تواند باعث نقصان محصول گردد. در این تحقیق از مدل کامپیوتری SALTMED برای شبیه­سازی عملکرد گندم در شرایط شوری­های مختلف آب آبیاری استفاده گردید. آزمایش­های صحرایی با پنچ تیمار شوری آب آبیاری (5/3، 5/4، 5/5 و 5/6 دسی­زیمنس­­بر­متر) و یک تیمار شاهد (آب رودخانه سیمینه­رود با شوری 2 دسی­زیمنس­برمتر) در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی انجام شد. مقادیر R2، NMRSE، CRM و ME در عمق­های مختلف خاک و برای تیمارهای مختلف محاسبه گردید. بررسی نتایج نشان داد که مدل SALTMED از دقت بالایی برای شبیه­سازی رطوبت و شوری خاک و همچنین عملکرد محصول برخوردار است. مقادیر ضریب تعیین برای شبیه­سازی رطوبت خاک 87/0، شوری خاک 85/0 و عملکرد محصول 92/0 به­دست آمد. با توجه به روند نتایج به­دست آمده با افزایش سطح شوری آب آبیاری دقت مدل در شبیه­سازی رطوبت خاک افزایش یافت اما خطای مدل در شبیه سازی عملکرد محصول کاهش پیدا کرد. نتایج شبیه­سازی با مدل SALTMED نشان داد که دقت مدل برای عملکرد محصول بهتر از رطوبت خاک و برای رطوبت خاک بهتر از شوری خاک بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Soil Salinity and Wheat Yield Using the SALTMED Model (Case Study: Bukan Plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • asaad soltani 1
  • said mahmod tabatabai 2
  • jamil ghaderi 3
1 PhD, Dept. of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water & Soil, Univ. of Zabol,Iran
2 Assis. Prof. Dept. of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water & Soil, Univ. of Zabol.Iran
3 Assis. Prof. Dept. of Water Engineering.Faculty of Agric, Azad Univ. of Mahabad.Iran
چکیده [English]

The Bukan plain with its largest wheat production in the province is referred as the West Azerbaijan grain storehouse. Water and soil salinity can cause crop redution. In this research, a computer model of SALTMED was used to simulate wheat yield under different salinity conditions of irrigation water. Field experiments were conducted for five irrigation water treatments with salinities of 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 dS m-1 and a control treatment (Simineh Rood water with 2 dS m-1 salinity) in a completely randomized blocks design. R2, NMRSE, CRM and ME values ​​were calculated at different soil depths for different treatments. The results showed that the SALTMED model had a high accuracy in simulation of the soil moisture and salinity as well as the crop yield. The coefficient of determination for simulating soil moisture was 0.87, soil salinity 0.85 and crop yield 0.92. According to the results, with increasing salinity level of irrigation water, the model accuracy in simulation of the soil moisture was increased, but the model error was decreased in simulating of the crop yield. The simulation results of the SALTMED model showed that the accuracy of the model for crop yields was better than that of soil moisture and for soil moisture was better than that of soil salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bukan Plain
  • Product loss
  • Simulation
  • Soil salinity
  • Wheat yield
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