تعیین الگوی کشت بهینه سازگار با کم‌آبی تحت شرایط عدم قطعیت با رویکرد برنامه‌ریزی آرمانی استوار

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد اقتصاد کشاورزی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

تغییر الگوی کشت با توجه به تغییر اقلیم و تداوم خشکسالی­ها از رویکردهای اساسی سیاست­گذاران بخش کشاورزی جهت سازگاری با کم­آبی است و اجرای طرح تغییر الگوی کشت در شهرستان سراب به عنوان یکی از نقاط عمده تولید محصولات کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی احساس می شود. از آنجایی که عدم قطعیت از جمله جوانب اجتناب­ناپذیر در برنامه­ریزی­ها و تصمیم­گیری­های زراعی است، لذا مطالعه حاضر به معرفی و کاربرد مدل برنامه­ریزی آرمانی استوار (RGP) در بهینه­سازی الگوی کشت تحت شرایط عدم قطعیت در شهرستان سراب می­پردازد. آمار و اطلاعات مطالعه از سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجان شرقی و تکمیل پرسشنامه طی سال زراعی 97-1396 بدست آمد. علاوه بر رهیافت RGP، مدل­های LP وGP برای تعیین الگوی بهینه کشت بکار گرفته شدند. نتایج بیانگر برتری مدل RGP بر دیگر مدل­ها به لحاظ دستیابی همزمان به اهداف حداکثر سود و کاهش مصرف آب می­باشد که نشان­دهنده بهینه نبودن وضعیت موجود بهره­برداری از آب در منطقه مورد مطالعه می­باشد. اجرای الگوی بهینه کشت براساس مدل RGP باعث افزایش سود و اشتغال به ترتیب به میزان 7/1 و 32/1 درصد و همچنین کاهش مصرف آب، کود و سموم شیمیایی به ترتیب به مقدار 7/7، 3/12 و 12 درصد نسبت به الگوی کشت فعلی می­گردد. در میان محصولات مورد مطالعه، گندم بیشترین افزایش سطح زیر کشت را داشته است. از این­رو یک محصول حائز اهمیت در منطقه است و بایستی نسبت به کشت آن به عنوان یک محصول استراتژیک در مساحت بیشتر اقدام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining Optimal Cropping Pattern for Adaptation of Water Scarcity under Uncertainty using Robust Goal Programming Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh sani 1
  • Ghader Dashti 2
1 PhD Student of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Changing the cropping pattern due to the climate change and drought persistence is one of the key approaches for agricultural policy makers for adaptation of water scarcity. Also, implementation of changing the cropping pattern in Sarab County is felt as one of the major points of agricultural production in East Azerbaijan province. Since the uncertainty is one of the unavoidable aspects in agricultural planning and decision making, this study introduces and applies the robust goal programming (RGP) model as a tool for optimization of cropping pattern under uncertainty. The required data and information for this study were collected through Sarab County Agriculture Organization and completing the questionnaire in the period of 2017-2018. In addition to the RGP approach, the LP and GP models were solved to determine the optimal cropping pattern. The results showed RGP model in terms of achieving the goals of maximize profit and minimize water consumption was superior to other models, which indicated that the current status of the water operation in the studied area was not optimal. Implementation of optimal cropping pattern based on RGP model would increase profited and employment by 1.7 and 1.32 percent, respectively and it also could reduce water consumption, fertilizer and chemical pesticides consumptions by 7.7, 12.3 and 12 percent, respectively relative to the current cropping pattern. Among the studied crops, wheat had the highest increase regarding cultivated area. Therefore, wheat is an important crop in the region and it should be cultivated as a strategic crop in greater volume.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Optimal Cropping Pattern
  • Robust Optimization
  • Sarab
  • Uncertainty
  • Water
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