ارزیابی ویژگی‌های افزایندگی رشد گیاه در کودهای زیستی ازتوبارور، پتابارور، رویین و فُسکو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در این پژوهش سه نمونه کود زیستی تولید داخل کشور شامل ازتوبارور (Azotobarvar)، پتابارور (Potabarvar) و رویین (Ruein) و یک نمونه کود هندی به نام فسکو (Phosco) از لحاظ تعداد جمعیت میکروبی و ویژگی‌های افزایندگی رشد گیاه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج شمارش جمعیت میکروبی نشان داد که کود پتابارور فاقد جمعیت زنده باکتریایی است، اما تعداد سلول زنده در هر گرم (CFU g-1) ازتوبارور، رویین و فسکو به ترتیب 108 × 5/3، 108 × 2/5  و 103 × 9/6 به دست آمد. از کود ازتوبارور دو جدایه (Az1 و Az2)، از کود روئین سه جدایه (R1، R2 و R3) و از کود فسکو سه جدایه (P1، P2 و P3) جداسازی شدند. نتایج اندازه‌گیری ویژگی‌های افزایندگی رشد گیاه در شرایط درون‌شیشه‌ای نشان داد که از نظر ویژگی‌ تثبیت‌ نیتروژن مولکولی در محیط جامد و مایع LG دو جدایه R1 و Az2، در انحلال فسفات معدنی از منبع تری‌کلسیم فسفات دو جدایه Az1  و Az2، در آزادسازی پتاسیم دو جدایه Az1 و P1 از بیوتیت و دو جدایه Az1 و P2 از موسکویت و در تولید اکسین نیز جدایه ‌ P1در حضور تریپتوفان بیشترین عملکرد را داشتند. جدایه‌های P1، P3، R1 و R3 دارای فعالیت ضد قارچی علیه قارچ فوزاریوم سولانی بودند. جمع‌بندی نتایج شمارش جمعیت میکروبی و نیز ویژگی‌های افزایندگی رشد گیاه نشان داد که کود زیستی رویین و ازتوبارور دارای وضعیت مطلوبی بوده و کود فسکو علی‌رغم داشتن برخی ویژگی‌های محرک رشد، فاقد جمعیت کافی بوده و کود پتابارور نیز فاقد جمعیت میکروبی بود.
 
بدین وسیله اعلام می‌گردد که کود زیستی پتابارور مورد بررسی در این تحقیق، از خط تولید شرکت تولیدکننده دریافت شده و در همان زمان از سوی واحد کنترل کیفیت شرکت نیز مردود اعلام شده و هیچگاه وارد بازار نشده است. همچنین بررسی مزبور بر روی یک نمونه کود (یک تکرار آزمایشی) صورت پذیرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Plant Growth Promoting Characteristics in Commercial Biofertilizers of Azotobarvar, Potabarvar, Ruein and Phosco

نویسندگان [English]

  • B Khoshru 1
  • MR Sarikhani 2
1 PhD Student of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof. of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Dept. of Soil Science, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, three domestic biofertilizer samples including Azotobarvar, Potabarvar, Ruein, and a sample of Indian biofertilizer called Phosco were studied in terms of microbial population count and plant growth promoting characteristics. The results of plate counting revealed that Potabarvar had no alive bacterial population, but the number of viable cells of Azotobarvar, Ruein and Phosco were 3.5 × 108, 5.2 × 108 and 6.9 × 103 CFU g-1, respectively. Moreover, two isolates (Az1 and Az2), three isolates (R1, R2 and R3) and three isolates (P1, P2 and P3) were isolated in Azotobarvar, Ruein and Phosco, respectively. The in-vitro results of plant growth promoting characteristics showed that in the solid LG medium R1 and Az2 and in the liquid LG medium, P1, R1 and Az2 and had the highest nitrogen fixation, respectively. In phosphate solubilizing from tricalcium phosphate, Az1 and Az2, in potassium releasing ability, Az1 and P1 isolates from biotite and Az1 and P2 from muscovite and in production of auxin P1 in the presence of tryptophan had the highest performance, respectively. The isolates P1, P3, R1 and R3 had antifungal activity against Fusarium solani. Summarizing the results of microbial population counts as well as plant growth promoting characteristics showed that the both Ruein and Azotobarvar biofertilizers were in desirable condition and Phosco biofertilizer, despite having some growth-promoting properties, lacked a sufficient microbial population and the Potabarvar biofertilizer lacked the microbial population.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Auxin production
  • Biofertilizer
  • Molecular nitrogen fixation
  • Phosphate solubilization
  • Release of potassium
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