تأثیر کشت نهال‎های پسته بر شکل‎های شیمیایی پتاسیم در برخی خاک‎های آهکی رفسنجان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه ولی‎عصر (عج) رفسنجان

2 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه ولی‎عصر (عج) رفسنجان

چکیده

تغذیه مناسب گیاه یکی از عوامل مهم در بهبود کمیت و کیفیت محصول می­باشد. پتاسیم یکی از عناصر پرمصرف و ضروری برای رشد گیاهان می‎باشد. شناخت شکل‎های مختلف پتاسیم در ارزیابی وضعیت این عنصر در خاک و نیز حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه مهم است. درک غلط از دینامیک پتاسیم در خاک منجر به مدیریت غیراصولی حاصلخیزی خاک خواهد شد. پتاسیم به چهار شکل محلول، تبادلی، غیرتبادلی و ساختمانی در خاک وجود دارد که قابلیت استفاده آن‎ها برای گیاه متفاوت است. مجموع شکل‎های محلول و تبادلی خاک به‎طور گسترده برای تعیین قابلیت استفاده پتاسیم برای گیاه به‎کار برده می‎شود. علاوه بر پتاسیم تبادلی، پتاسیم غیرتبادلی هم در تغذیه گیاه نقش مهمی دارد. این تحقیق برای بررسی شکل‎های شیمیایی پتاسیم و تأثیر کشت نهال‎های پسته در برخی خاک­های آهکی رفسنجان انجام گردید. برای این کار استخراج شکل‎های شیمیایی پتاسیم توسط عصاره‎گیرهای استات‎آمونیوم مولار، اسید نیتریک مولار جوشان و آب مقطر در 20 نمونه خاک آهکی رفسنجان در قبل و بعد از کشت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین پتاسیم محلول قبل و بعد از کشت تفاوت معنا‎داری وجود نداشت در حالی‎که میزان پتاسیم تبادلی از 239 میلی‎گرم در کیلوگرم خاک قبل از کشت به 270 میلی‎گرم در کیلوگرم خاک بعد از کشت افزایش یافت و مقدار پتاسیم غیرتبادلی نیز از 683 میلی‎گرم در کیلوگرم خاک قبل از کشت به 570 میلی‎گرم در کیلوگرم خاک، کاهش یافت. استفاده از معادلات رگرسیونی چند متغیره نشان داد که شکل‎های شیمیایی پتاسیم به ویژگی­های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک از جمله درصد رس بستگی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Pistachio Seedlings Planting on Chemical Forms of Potassium in Some Calcareous Soils of Rafsanjan

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Zadehparizi 1
  • A Tajabadi Pour 2
  • E Esfandiarpoor Borujeni 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Soil Science Dept. Vali-e-Asr Univ. of Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Assoc Prof., Soil Science Dept. Vali-e-Asr Univ. of Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Proper plant nutrition is one of the most important factors in improvement of crop quality and quantity. Potassium is one of the essential macronutrients for plant growth. Understanding the different forms of potassium is important in evaluation the situation of this element in soil fertility and plant nutrition. Incorrect understanding of the potassium dynamics in soil off leads to improper management of soil fertility. Soil potassium exists in four forms: soluble, exchangeable, non-exchangeable and structural that their availability for plant are different. Soluble and exchangeable forms are widely used for determination of the potassium availability for plants. In addition to the exchangeable potassium, non-exchangeable potassium plays an important role in plant nutrition. This study was done to evaluate the different chemical forms of potassium and effect of pistachio seedlings planting on changes of their forms in some calcareous soils of Rafsanjan. For determination of the chemical forms of their forms potassium in 20 calcareous soils samples of Rafsanjan before and after planting, 1 M NH4OAc, boiling 1 M HNO3 anddistilled water were sample used. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the soluble potassium before and after the planting. However, amount of exchangeable potassium increased from 239 mg kg-1 soilbefore planting to 270 mg kg-1 soilafter planting and non-exchangeable potassium decreased from 683 mg kg-1 soilbefore planting to 570 mg kg-1 soilafter planting. Multiple regression equations indicated that the different forms of potassium in soils were correlated with the physical and chemical properties of the soil such as clay content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical extractants
  • Chemical forms cultivation
  • Pistachio
  • Planting
  • Potassium

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