تأثیر بیوچارهای کاه برنج و خرده چوب نراد بر ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاک شور- سدیمی با بافت لوم رسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

4 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

باتوجه به ناکافی بودن زمین­های مناسب کشاورزی در جهان و قابل توجه بودن وسعت اراضی شور- سدیمی، اصلاح این خاک­ها حائز اهمیت می­باشد. بررسی­ها نشان می­دهد که کاربرد بایوچار در خاک، منجر به بهبود کیفیت خاک، افزایش بازده محصول و کاهش تنش­های مربوط به شوری می­شود. در این پژوهش تأثیر افزودن بیوچارهای مختلف بر برخی ویژگی­های شیمیایی، از جمله غلظت کاتیون­ها و آنیون­های محلول خاک­ شور- سدیمی با بافت لوم رسی تهیه شده از منطقه کرفون واقع در استان مازندران، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بیوچارهای مختلف از بقایای کشاورزی (کاه برنج) و ضایعات کارخانه چوب (چوب نراد) در دمای300 درجه سلیسیوس به­صورت ساده و اسیدی تهیه شدند و در سه سطح (0، 5/2 و 5 درصد) به یک خاک شور- سدیمی افزوده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد بیوچار کاه برنج موجب کاهش بیشتر pH خاک نسبت به بیوچار حاصل از نراد گردید. همچنین کاربرد بیوچار نراد در خاک موجب کاهش هدایت الکتریکی، نسبت جذب سدیم و میزان سدیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم و کلرید در محلول خاک شد؛ در حالی­که بیوچار کاه برنج، بیوچار کاه برنج اسیدی و بیوچار نراد اسیدی باعث افزایش شاخص­ها و عناصر مذکور شدند. نتایج نشان داد در صورتی­که آبشوئی املاح و زهکشی صورت نپذیرد، فقط می­توان بیوچار ضایعات چوب نراد را به خاک شور- سدیمی اضافه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Rice Straw and Dicer Biochars on Chemical Characteristics of Clay-Loam, Saline-Sodic Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • M parichehre 1
  • F SadeghZadeh 2
  • M A Behmanyar 3
  • M Ghajar Sepanlu 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Chemical Engineering and Soil Fertility, Sari Univ. of Agri. Sci. and Natural Resources, Iran
2 Assist. Prof, of Soil Science Dept. Sari Univ. of Agri. Sci. and Natural Resources, Iran
3 Prof. of Soil Science Dept. Sari Univ. of Agri. Sci. and Natural Resources, Iran
4 Assoc. Prof, of Soil Science Dept. Sari Univ. of Agri. Sci. and Natural Resources, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to the insufficient suitable agricultural land and the large extent of saline-sodic soil across the world, the reclamation of the salt affected soils is necessary. Studies indicate that the addition of biochars to the soils improves their qualities, increases crop yield, and reduces salinity stresses. In the present study, the effects of adding various biochars on some chemical characteristics, including the concentration of soluble cations and anions of saline-sodic soil with clay-loam texture, which was taken from the Kafoun region in Mazandaran province, were investigated. Several kinds of simple and acidic biochars were produced from agricultural residues (rice straw) and wood factory waste (dicer) at 300 ° C and added to saline-sodic soil in three levels 0, (2.5, and 5%). The results showed that the rice straw biochar reduced the soil pH more than the biochar obtained from dicer. It was also understood that dicer biochar reduced the amount of soil EC, SAR, soluble sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride. However, the rice straw biochar, acidic rice straw biochar, and acidic dicer biochar increased the amounts of those criteria and elements. Ultimately, it can be concluded that only the dicer biochar should be added to saline- sodic soil, in the absence of leaching and drainage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biochar
  • Chemical Characteristics
  • Dicer
  • Rice straw
  • Saline-sodic soil
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