تاثیر کروم (VI) و ورمی‌‌کمپوست بر برخی از شاخص‌های میکروبی و اکوفیزیولوژیک خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور

2 دانشجوی دکتری شیمی و حاصلخیزی خاک دانشگاه ارومیه و مدرس مدعو دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

در این مطالعه اثر فلز سنگین کروم بر برخی شاخص‌های میکروبی و اکوفیزیولوژیکی خاک در حضور ورمی کمپوست و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی بررسی شد. این آزمایش در پنج سطح کروم ( 0، 100، 200، 300 و 400 میلی گرم کروم بر کیلوگرم خاک از نمک دی کرومات پتاسیم) و در هفت دوره انکوباسیون ( 5، 30، 60، 90، 100، 110، 120 روز ) در سه تکرار اجرا گردید و به‌منظور کاهش اثرات مخرب آلاینده در خاک، در روز‌90 ام به همه تیمارها ورمی کمپوست اضافه شد.در انتهای هر دوره فعالیت آنزیم دهیدروژناز، تنفس پایه و کربن بیومس میکروبی به عنوان شاخص‌های میکروبی و همچنین نسبت میکروبی و متابولیک به عنوان شاخص های اکوفیزیولوژیک اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که با افزایش غلظت کروم در خاک شاخص‌های میکروبی خاک تا روز نود کاهش یافتند. آنزیم دهیدروژناز در غلظت 100 میلی گرم کروم در خاک، 100 درصد کاهش را پس از نود روز انکوباسیون نشان داد و پس از آن افزایش یافت  و در غلظت‌های کمتر از 100 میلی گرم کروم کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست تاثیر سوء آلاینده را جبران نمود. سهم متابولیک در غلظتmg Cr kg- 300 بعد از افزودن ماده آلی از43/5 در روز 90 ام به 164/0در روز 100 ام رسید و همین کاهش با روند شدید‌تر در تیمارmg Cr kg- 400 نیز اتفاق افتاد. . نسبت میکروبی با افزایش ماده آلی در خاک، در تیمار شاهد 56 درصد و در بالاترین غلطت کروم در خاک، 44 درصد افزایش را نشان داد. بر اساس یافته‌های این پژوهش در غلظت‌های بیش از 100 میلی گرم کروم در خاک پیامدهای منفی فلز بر شاخص‌های میکروبی خاک نمایان شد و کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در بهبود این شاخص‌ها در حضور آلاینده موثر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Cr(VI) and Vermicompost on Some of Microbial and Ecophysiological Indices of Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • E Azizi 1
  • A Mirbolook 2
1 Assoc. Prof. of Agronomy department Payame Noor University Iran
2 Ph.D. Student of soil Chemistry, Urmia University and Lecturer in Payame Noor University Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, effects of heavy metal of chromium on microbial and eco physiological indices of soil in presence of vermicompost were evaluated using a complete randomized design. This experiment was carried out in five levels of chromium (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg Cr kg-1 soil from potassium dichromate) and seven incubation periods (5, 30,60,90,100,110 and 120 days) in three replicates and for decreasing the adverse effects of pollutant in soil, in the 90th day, vermicompost was added to all of the treatments. At the end of each period, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, basal respiration and microbial biomass carbon as microbial indices and also metabolic and microbial quotient as eco physiological indices were measured. The results showed that with increasing chromium concentration in soil, the microbial indices were decreased up to the 90th day. Dehydrogenase enzyme activity decreased by 100 percent in concentrations of 100 mg Cr kg- and then it was increased, therefore application of the vermicompost compensated the adverse effects of the pollutant. Metabolic quotient in concentration of 300 mg kg- Cr the 90th day reached to 5.43 and then decreased to 0.164 in the 100th day. This decrease happened in concentration of 400 mg kg- Cr, severely. By adding organic matter, the microbial quotient increased 56 and 44 percent in control and in the highest concentration of the chromium respectively. Based on result of this research, in concentrations higher than 100 mg Cr kg- in soil negative effects of the metal on microbial indices was revealed and usage of vermicompost in improvement of this indices in presence of chromium was efficient.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dehydrogenase enzyme activity
  • Microbial and metabolic quotient
  • Microbial biomass carbon
  • Time
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