بهینه سازی سطح زیر کشت براساس حجم مخزن و شرایط کمبود آب قابل دسترس (مطالعه موردی: پایاب سد ارسباران)

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

برنامه‌ریزی مناسب در استفاده از منابع محدود آب می‌تواند نقش موثری در افزایش تولیدات کشاورزی داشته‌باشد. در این تحقیق، سطح زیر‌کشت بهینه برمبنای حجم مخزن و شرایط کمبود آب قابل دسترس در دشت ارسباران تعیین شده-است. ابتدا سود خالص حاصل از کشت در دوره آماری (1381-90) با رابطه استوارت و ارزشهای اقتصادی منطقه بدست آمد. بهینه‌سازی تخصیص آب به روش برنامه‌ریزی خطی برای هر سال آماری جهت بیشینه نمودن تابع هدف (سود خالص) و با محدودیت‌های موجود اجرا گردید. بهینه‌سازی برای پنج مقدار آب آبیاری قابل دسترس (NIV) صورت گرفت و برای هرکدام، مساحت‌های زیر کشت بهینه سالیانه برای گیاهان پیشنهادی بدست آمد. با بهینه‌سازی سطوح کشت سالیانه یک فرم بهینه ثابت نیز برای منطقه استخراج گردید. نتایج نشان داد تغییرات سود خالص در واحد حجم آب با افزایش آب قابل دسترس در هر دو حالت بصورت سهمی درجه دو کاهش یافته و در تمام NIV ها سود سطح کشت متغیر به مقدار ثابت 7% بیشتر می‌باشد. همچنین سود خالص کل برای سطح کشت بهینه متغیر سالیانه برای آب قابل دسترس 8 میلیون مترمکعب، 8% بیشتر از سطح کشت ثابت بوده و این مقدار برای 10 تا 16 میلیون مترمکعب، بترتیب از 11% تا 18% بصورت خطی افزایش می‌یابد که نشان از برتری نسبی سطح کشت بهینه متغیر بدون در نظر گرفتن مزایای مدیریتی حالت ثابت از قبیل طراحی، آبیاری و مکانیزاسیون می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Cultivated Area Based on Reservoir Volume and Available Water Scarcity Conditions (Case Study: Arasbaran Dam Downstream)

نویسنده [English]

  • Fariborz Ahmadzadeh Kaleybar
Assist. Prof., Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Suitable planning for the use of limited water resources can increase the production of agricultural crops effectively. In this research, optimal cultivation areas were determined based on reservoir volume and available water scarcity conditions in Arasbaran plain. At first, the net benefit from cultivation in the period (2002-2011) obtained using the Stewart model and the region economic values. Optimal water allocation program was run using the linear programming for each time period of year for maximizing the net benefit objective function considering the restrictions. Optimization performed for five scenarios of available irrigation water (NIV) and for each of them, optimal annual cultivated areas for the proposed plants were obtained. By optimizing the annual cultivated areas, a constant optimal form was also obtained for the region. The results showed that the net benefit changes per unit volume of water, decreased with the increase of available water in both cases as a second degree curve and in all NIVs the benefit of the variable cultivated area was 7% higher. Also, the total net benefit of the annual optimal cultivated area for available water of 8 million cubic meters was 8% more than the fixed cultivated area, and for 10 to 16 million cubic meters, this value increases linearly from 11% to 18%, that shows the relative superiority of the variable optimal cultivated area without considering the management benefits of the fixed mode such as design, irrigation and mechanization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivated area
  • Liner programming
  • Net benefit
  • Optimization
  • Water allocation

مراجع

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 32، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 1-14

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