تأثیر دور آبیاری بر عملکرد دانه، روغن و اجزای عملکرد کلزا (Brassica napus L.)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

2 گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر دور آبیاری بر عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن کلزا(Brassica napus L.) در منطقه حاجی آباد هرمزگان، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تیمار دور آبیاری شامل آبیاری پس از 50 (T1) ، 75 (T2) ، 100 (T3) و 125 (T4) میلیمتر تبخیر از تشت تبخیر کلاس A در سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر دور آبیاری بر عملکرد دانه، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد خورجین در بوته معنی دار بود. تیمار دور آبیاری اثر معنی داری بر طول خورجین، تعداد دانه در خورجین، درصد روغن دانه و ارتفاع بوته نداشت. با کاهش دور آبیاری تا 75 میلیمتر تبخیر تجمعی از تشت (T2)، کاهش معنی داری در هیچیک از صفات اندازه گیری شده ایجاد نشد لیکن آبیاری با دور کمتر از مقدار یاد شده ( T3و T4) موجب کاهش معنی دار عملکرد دانه از طریق کاهش وزن هزار دانه و تعداد خورجین در بوته گردید. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2563 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به تیمار T2 بود که اختلاف معنی داری با تیمار T1 نداشت ولی از کارایی مصرف آب بالاتری برخوردار بود. بنابر این، تیمار T2 (آبیاری پس از 75 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشت تبخیر کلاسA ) که معادل دور 14، 20 و 24 روز در ما‌ه‌های آبان، آذر و دی، 16 تا 20 روز در بهمن و نیمه اول اسقند ماه، 14 روز در نیمه دوم اسفند و 9 روز در فروردین است به عنوان دور مناسب آبیاری کلزا در منطقه حاجی آباد قابل توصیه به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Irrigation Frequency on Seed Yield, Oil Content and Yield Components of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfath Moradi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Neyshabouri 2
1 Assistant Professor, Soil and water research department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
2 Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University
چکیده [English]

In order to determine the effects of irrigation frequency on grain yield, yield components, and seed oil content of oilseed rape (Brassic napus L.), a field experiment was conducted at agricultural research station of Haji Abad,Iran. Four irrigation frequency treatments including irrigating the crop after 50 (T1), 75 (T2), 100 (T3) and 125 (T4) mm cumulative evaporation from a class A evaporation pan, were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that among the studied parameters, grain yield and 1000-garin weight (p < 0.01), and number of pods per plant (p < 0.05) were significantly affected by irrigation frequency. However, the pod length, number of grain per pod, oil concentration in the grain, and crop height were not affectd significantly. The T1 and T2 treatments had significantly higher grain yield, 1000-garin weight and number of pods per plant than the T3 and T4 treatments.There was no significant difference between T1 and T2 treatments for all of the studied parameters. However, T2 resulted in higher WUE than T1. It appears that canola irrigation after 75 mm cumulative evaporation from calss A evaporation pan which is equivalent to the irrigation frequencies of 14, 20 and24 days in November, December and January respectively, 16-20 days in February to early April and 9 days in late April to early May, would be approperiate and may be recommended for Haji Abad region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canola
  • Class A evaporation pan
  • Soil water depletion
  • Water stress
  • Water use efficiency

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دانش آب و خاک
دوره 30، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 167-177

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