Instantaneous Runoff Coefficient and Water Table Relationship and Stream Flow Reduction Mechanism along River (Case Study: Ajabshir Basin)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student in Water Resources Engr., Dept. of Water Engin., Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

2 Prof., Dept. of Water Engr., Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

3 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Water Engr. Faculty of Agric., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Nowadays, water scarcity and frequent occurrence of droughts in Middle East countries including Iran create many problems for population of these regions. Drying off Salty Lake Urmia and its consequences is very important form the Iran and Middle East water industries. The main reason of Lake Urmia crisis is streamflow reduction of rivers leading to the lake due to excessive extraction of water resources in recent decades. Since the river-aquifer is a system with two interrelated elements, therefore, investigation of streamflow coefficient versus groundwater table relationship is necessary for streamflow forecasting. In this study, instantaneous runoff coefficient (events) and water table fluctuation relationship was checked out in two hydrometric stations located at the beginning and ending sections of Ghaleh-Chayriver which discharges water to the Lake Urmia. Then, the mechanism of stream flow loss (flow reduction process) due to water level draw down was studied along the river profiles. The results of this study showed a direct relation between the runoff coefficient and the water table level. Correlation coefficient value (R) between these two factors was observed 0.9 for Yengejeh station located at the beginning section of the river and 0.84 for Shishavan station at the ending section of river. Evaluating the stream flow losses trend along the river indicates that this flow has been naturally diverted to saturate the transition zone (the zone between the water table level and stream bed).

Keywords

References

Anonymous, 2011. Guideline for Determination of the Hydraulic Roughness Coefficient of Rivers, Guidelines for determining the roughness coefficient of the rivers, Ministry of Energy, Bureau of Technical, Engineering, Social and Environmental standards of water and waste water, Office of Engineering and Technical Measures of ABFA 688-A.
Cerdan O, Le Bissonnais Y, Govers G, Leconte V, van Oost K, Couturier A, King C and Dubreuil N, 2004. Scale effects on runoff from experimental plots to catchments in agricultural areas in Normandy. Journal of Hydrology 299: 4–14.
Chow V­­­­­­­­T, 1981. Open Channel Hydraulics. Mc Graw – Hill Limted, London.
Chow V­T, Maidment D, Mays L, 1988. Applied hydrology. McGraw- Hill, New York.
Dos Reis Castro N­M, Auzet A­V, Chevallier PH and Leprun J­C, 1999. Land use change effects on runoff and erosion from plot to catchment scale on the basaltic plateau of Southern Brazil. Journal of Hydrology 13: 1621–1628.
Gottschalk L and Weingartner  R, 1998. Distribution of peak flow derived from a distribution of rainfall volume and runoff coefficient, and a unit hydrograph. Journal of Hydrology 208: 148–162.
Jamshidndeh Anbarani J, 1998. Estimation of Runoff Coefficient in Caspian Basin. Master's degree in irrigation and drainage, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University.
Liqun CH, Changming L, Yanping L and Guoqiang W, 2007. Impacts of Climatic Factors on Runoff Coefficients in Source Regions of the Huanghe River. Journal of Chinese Geographical Science 17(1): 47-55.
Merz R, G Bloschl and J Parajka, 2006. Spatio-temporal variability of event runoff coefficients. Institute for Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Wien, Austria.
Menció A, Galán M, Boix D and Mas-Pla J, 2014. Analysis of stream–aquifer relationships: A comparison between mass balance and Darcy’s law approaches. Journal of Hydrology 517: 157-172.
Neshat A and Parehkar, 2005. Report of the research project on the comparison of methods for determining the velocity of water penetration in the soil, engineering services Soil and Water Iran p. 118.
Neshat A and Parehkar M ,2006. The comparison of methods for determining the vertical infiltration rate, Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 14(3): 35–45.
Pfister L, Iffly J­F, Humbert J and Hoffmann L, 2002. The role of groundwater resurgence on runoff coefficients of the Alzette River (Grand-duchy of Luxembourg). ERB and Northern European FRIEND Project 5 Conference, Demänovská dolina, Slovakia.
Porhemat J, Abbasi A, Khoshbazm A, 2014. Investigate the relationship between runoff coefficient and rainfall intensity on pasture land (Case study: Sanganeh Kalaat). Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems 2 (1): 61-67.
Saffari N, Zarghami M, 2013. Allocating the Surface Water Resources of the Urmia Lake Basin to the Stakeholder Provinces by Distance Based Decision Making Methods, Water and Soil Science- University of Tabriz 23: 135-149.
Sivapalan M, G Bloschl Merz R and Gutknecht D, 2005. Linking flood frequency to long-term water balance: incorporating effects of seasonality. Water Resources Research 41(6): W6012.
Sherman L, 1932. Stream flow from rainfall by unit hydrograph method. Journal of Engineering News Records 108: 501-50.
 
 
Water and Soil Science
Volume 27, Issue 4
January 2017
Pages 79-90

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics