Study of Different Rainfall Intensities on Soil Micromorphological Characteristics

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Soil Science Depart, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran

2 University of Tabriz Academic Member

3 Prof., Soil Science Depart, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran

4 Prof., Earth Science Depart, Faculty of Natural Science College, University of Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Rain can break down soil aggregates and lead to formation of structural crusts, which affect seed germination and soil water infiltration. In this research work, the impact of different rain intensities on micromorphological properties was studied. Experiments for simulating rainfall-runoff were carried out in different rain intensities (20, 37 and 47 mm/hour) on five soil samples with different physical and chemical properties and after the exit of gravitational water, the undisturbed soil samples were prepared by Kubina boxes. Then the thin sections of soil samples were prepared and studied with polarized microscope. Micromorphological characteristics of upper and lower parts of the crust were studied under different rain intensities with Image Tool 3. Results indicated the main changes in upper and lower parts of crusts by different rainfall intensities and down ward movement of particles caused clay accumulation in 1.5 to 3(cm) of crusts. Also intensity of 47 mm/hours produced a strong suspension and a Hallo pedofuture formation around the sand particles and Tuff. The classification of each slide, in two upper and lower parts with 0-1.5cm and 1.5-3cm thicknesses, implied the existence of structural and void shape changes in soil Fabric. Quantitative comparison and classification of three Voids Ferret Diameter data (30micron, 30-100 micron and >100 micron) with image tool analysis (UTHSCSA Image tool soft-ware) and Image J(1.34s) and statistical analysis of data variance with five replication in Factorial Split- Split plot design variance analysis of data by MSTAT-C software indicated that there were significant differences at 5% level between the effect of soil type, rainfall intensity and Ferret diameter data in upper and lower parts of crusts.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

محمدزاده ز، 1390، عوامل سیمانی­کننده و شاخص­های پایداری خاکدانه­ها به عنوان تخمین­گر ضریب فرسایش­پذیری بین شیاری خاک­های منطقه نیمه­خشک آذربایجان شرقی،پایان­نامه کارشناسی ارشد،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز.
میرکریمی م،خرمالی ف،کیانی ف و عاکف م، 1390. مطالعه میکرومورفولوژیک تخلخل افق مالیک خاک­های مالی­سولز جنوب گرگان رود تحت تاثیر کاربری­های مختلف اراضی، مجله پژوهش­های حفاظت آب و خاک، جلد 18، شماره1، صفحه­های 181 تا198.
Bresson LM and Boiffin J, 1990. Morphological characterisation of soil crust development on an experimental field. Geoderma 47: 301-325.
Bresson LM and Valentin C, 1994. Soil surface crust formation: Contribution of micromorphology. Soil  Science, Amsterdam 22: 737-762.
Fox DM, Le Bissonnais Yand Quetin P, 1998. The implications of spatial variability in surface seal hydraulic resistance for infiltration in a mound and depression microtopography. Catena 32: 101-114.
Fox DM, Bryan R B and Fox C A, 2004. Changes in pore characteristics with depth for structural crusts. Geoderma 120 (1–2): 109-120.
Joungerious A, 1957. Morphological investigation of the processes of leaching and processes of leaching and podzolisation of soils under forest. Pochvoredenie 5: 43-52.
Lima HV, Silva AP, Santos MC, Cooper M and Romero RE, 2006. Micromorphology and imageananalysis of a hardsetting Ultisol (Argissolo) in the state of Ceará (Brazil). Geoderma 132: 416-4.
Mermut AR, Luk SH, Romkens MJ and Poeson JWA, 1995. Micromorphological and mineralogical components of surface sealing in loess soils from different geographic regions. Geoderma 66: 71-84.
Pagliai M  and LaMarca M, 1979. Micromorphological Study of Soil Crust. Agrochimica 23:16-25.
Pagliai M, 2004. Soil degradation and land Use. Chapter 19. Pp, 420-436. In: Stoops G, Marcelino V, Mess F. Interpretation of Micromorphological Features of Soils and Regolits. 1st EditionNetherlands.
Pagliai M, 2008. Crustcrusting in Chesworth. Encyclopedia of Soil Science Springer. Heidelberg: 171-179.
Rasa K, Eickhorst T,Tippkotter R and Yli-Halla M, 2012 . Structure and pore system in differently managed clayey surface soil as described by micromorphology and image analysis. Geoderma 173–174: 10-18.
Ringrose-Voase AJ and Humphreys GS, 1994. Soil Micromorphology: Studies In Management and Genesis.  Elsevier Amesterdam, London- NewYork.
Wakindiki IIC and Ben- Hur M, 2002. Soil mineralogy and texture effects on crust micromorphology, infiltration and erosion. Soil and water Management and Conservation 66: 897-905.
West LT, Bradford JM and Norton LD, 1990. Crust morphology and infiltrablity in surface soils from the southeast and midwest U.S.A In: Douglas  LA, (ed). Soil micromorphology a Basic and Applied Science. Developments in Soil Science Proc.VIII Int. Working Meetting on Soil Micromorphology. San Antonio, Texas July 1998. Development in Soil Science 19, Elsevier, Amesterdam. Pp. 107-114.
West LT and chaiang SC and Norton LD, 1992. The morphology of surface crusts.  In: Sumner ME and Stewart BA. Soil Crusting Chemical and Physical Prcesses. Proc lst Int. Symposium on Soil Crusting. Lewis Publishers Boca Raton .Pp 73-92.
Water and Soil Science
Volume 27, Issue 2
July 2017
Pages 105-117

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics