Spatial and Temporal Variations of Groundwater Level in Qorveh-Dehgolan Plain and its Relationship with Drought

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

In recent years, drought caused a sharp decline in surface water resources in Qorveh-Dehgolan plain. This caused increasing exploitation of groundwater resources and exacerbation of aquifer level declining. The aim of this study is to evaluate interaction between groundwater and drought and wet periods in Qorveh-Dehgolan as well as to determinate correlation between them. At first, meteorological and hydrogeological drought characteristics were calculated by Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Groundwater Resource Index (GRI), respectively. Then correlation coefficient between SPI and GRI were calculated without lag time also with 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 48 months lag times. The results showed that the highest value of positive and significant correlations were between 24-month SPI and 48-month GRI with 48 months delay and in 89.8% of wells, SPI and GRI had positive and significant correlation with 48 months delay. Therefore, the hydrological drought happened with lag time to meteorological drought. The Mann-Kendall test was used for determinating the trend existence or inexistence in groundwater level changes. The results showed that the water level of piezometer wells declined during the studied period at 99% confidence level. The average of groundwater level declining was 0.82 m/year. Regarding to the plotted maps, the steepest trend of groundwater level happened in central parts of Qorveh-Dehgolan plain that was between 1.5-2.4 m/year.

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Water and Soil Science
Volume 26, 3-2
December 2016
Pages 143-155

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