Using Statistical and Hydrochemical Models for Qualitative Analysis of Groundwater Resources (Case Study: Mehraban plain, In East Azerbaijan)

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

Mehraban Plain is located in the East Azarbaijan province of Iran, 60 kilometers from east of Tabriz, where groundwater resources supply its entire drinking and most of agricultural water demands. These resources are highly saline due to the effect of salty geological formations, high evaporation from groundwater resources and recharge of saline water from rivers and high withdrawal from fresh groundwater. As a result, the electrical conductivity of groundwater in the western parts of the plain, especially in the Arbatan village, is reached to about 9800 μmhos cm-1. So, it is tried to use statistical and hydrochemical methods to determine sources of groundwater salinity and the effect of geological formation on the water quality of the study area. In this research 22 water samples were collected from deep and shallow abstraction wells and were chemically analyzed in hydrology lab of the Tabriz University. Hydrochemical conditions of the resources were analyzed by multivariate statistical methods. According to the factor analyzing methods, 84.85 percent of chemical variations are controlled by three groups of factors. For identifying, governing geochemical processes in the aquifer composite diagrams, ions ratios and saturation index of calcite, dolomite and gypsum were evaluated. The results showed that the chemical compositions of groundwater were highly effected by recharge from the rivers, sediments of the aquifer and evaporation from the groundwater. The composite diagrams results showed that the processes such as halite, gypsum and dolomite solution and ion exchange phenomenon affect the groundwater chemical quality.

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References

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Water and Soil Science
Volume 26, 3-2
December 2016
Pages 31-50

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