The Effect of Zinc Sulfate on Biofortification and Morphological Changes in Spring Wheat

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

Nowadays, biofortification is regarded as one of the most important ways to increase zinc in grain. To evaluate the effect of zinc on morphophysiological features and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the wheat yield, a field research was carried out based on the factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Five spring wheat cultivars, Darya, Shiroody, Arta, Tajan and N-80-19 were considered as the first factor. The second factor included five levels of fertilizers: use of zinc in the soil at the planting time with the concentrations of 0 and 25 kg ha-1, spraying 0.5 percentage of zinc sulfate in booting stage, booting and milky stages, and in milky and dough stages. Statistical analyses showed that as compared to non-application of zinc sulfate in the same condition, soil application of zinc sulfate could significantly (P≤0.01) increase the seedlings dry weight, seedlings emergence percentage, leaf area in plants, leaf dry weight, plants height, spikes height, and the number of tillers. As compared to other treatments, soil zinc sulfate application significantly (P≤0.01) increased the amount of grain yield. However, among the treatments that zinc sulfate sprayed on them, there was not any significant difference as far as this character was concerned. Shiroodi and N-80-19 cultivars, with the amount of 1732.7 and 1984.8 kg ha-1 , respectively, and also Tajan, Daria and Arta cultivars, with the amount of 2491.4, 2434.4 and 2386.2 kg ha-1, respectively, had the lowest and highest grain yield. Spraying zinc sulfate in milky-dough stage showed the highest level of this element (Zn) in the Darya cultivar. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that higher application of zinc sulfate in the early stages of plant growth can be more effective in increasing seed yield. On the other hand, despite of its effect on yield, zinc biofortification was more effective when it was applied at the final stages of plant growth. Therefore, soil and foliar applications of zinc solfate simultaneously seem helpful to increase zinc content of the seed and the total yield.

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Water and Soil Science
Volume 26, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
December 2016
Pages 277-292

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