Study on Some Soil Properties as Affected by Different Slope Position and Aspect in Mountainous Landform with Different Parent Materials in Masouleh

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Slope characteristics (aspect and position) and parent material are effective factors on soil properties.
This research was conducted to study the soil physico-chemical properties formed on north and south
faces as well as back slope and summit positions which developed on two selected parent rocks such
as peridotite and pegmatite in Masouleh area. Thus, 6 representative soil profiles in different positions
and aspects were dug and described and then, the soil samples were taken from the two depths of 0-15
and 15-30 cm in 3 replicates from distances of 10-20 meters around the soil profiles. Physico-chemical
properties such as soil texture, pH, organic carbon, exchangeable cations, cation exchange capacity
(CEC), amorphous and free iron oxides were measured. The results showed that the soils formed on
the different parent materials had significant differences (p<0.01) in terms of pH, soil texture,
exchangeable cations, and CEC and the highest variations with depth related to the exchangeable
phase, belonged to the pegmatite soils. On the north face of back slope position in the peridotite parent
material in comparison with the pegmatite and other positions, the amounts of clay content, pedogenic
iron oxides, CEC and exchangeable Ca and Mg increased significantly. Furthermore, topography and
weather condition in the study area caused to change the soils developed on peridotite and pegmatite
in the level of order and great group category due to changing the physico-chemical properties of soils.
Totally the results, revealed the effect of parent materials and topography on soil properties.

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References

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Water and Soil Science
Volume 26, 2-2
September 2016
Pages 53-66

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