The Effect of Measurement Method, Size and Shape of Box in Sliding Method on the Angle of Repose of Soil Particles

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

The angle of repose of soil particles is an important factor for determining critical shear stress for initiation of soil particles motion during the erosion process. There are different methods for measuring the angle of particle repose and the result of each method is somewhat different from those of the others. Sliding and fixed-base piling methods are the two most common methods in the literature. In this study, 6 different size classes of a soil and a fluvial sand samples were subjected to the measurement of angle of particle repose using sliding and fixed-base piling methods. Sliding method was performed using 11 boxes of different sizes and shapes. Statistical analysis indicated that the effect of box size was significant (P<0.001) on the measured angle of particle repose. Increasing box width and depth resulted in higher values for the angle of repose, but increasing the box length has resulted in lower values for it. It seems that the increasing of the ratio of particle weight (amount) to the box cross section, leads to a decrease in AOR. The shape of box significantly affected the angle of particle repose (P<0.001). The comparison of the two methods indicated that the angle of particle repose measured by the fixed-base pilling method is about 10 degrees less than that of the sliding method. According to the results, the current methods for measuring the angle of particle repose seems to have shortcomings and there is a need to revise the measuring methods.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

منابع مورد استفاده
دانشیار س­ک، اسدی ح و موسوی س­ع، 1392. تأثیر نوع خاک و قدرت جریان بر اهمیت نسبی فرآیندهای ناشی از رواناب در شرایط آزمایشگاهی. تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران، جلد 44، شماره 4، صفحه­های373 تا 382.
Asadi H, Moussavi A, Ghadiri H and Rose CW, 2011. Flow-driven soil erosion processes and the size selectivity of sediment. Journal of Hydrology 406: 73-81.
Blake GR and Hartge KH, 1986. Bulk Density. Pp. 363-375. In: Klute A, (ed). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part I. Physical and Mineralogical Methods: Agronomy Monograph 9(2). Madison, Wisconsin.
Brown RL and Richards JC, 1970. Principles of Powder Mechanics. Pergamon Press, Oxford. Minnesota, USA.
Chien N and Wan ZH, 1999. Mechanics of Sediment Transport. ASCE Press, Virginia.
Chou SH, Liao CC and Hsiau SS, 2010. An experimental study on the effect of liquid content and viscosity on particle segregation in a rotating drum. Powder Technology 201: 266-272.
Chowdhury MMI, Sarker R­I, Bala BK and Hossain MA, 2001. Physical properties of gram as a function of moisture content. International Journal of Food Properties 4(2): 297-310.
Duan JG, Wang SSY, and Jia Y, 2001. The applications of the enhanced CCHE2D model to study the alluvial channel migration processes. Journal of Hydraulic Research 39(5): 1-12.
Feng-Guang Y, Xing-nian L, Ke-jun Y and Shu-you C, 2009. Study on the angle of repose of nonuniform sediment. Journal of hydrodynamics 21(5): 685-691.
Fraczek J, Zlobecki A and Zemanek J, 2007. Assessment of angle of repose of granular plant material using computer image analysis. Journal of Food Engineering 83: 17-22.
Frette V, Christensen K, Malthesorenssen A, Feder J, Jossang T and Meakin P, 1996. Avalanche dynamics in a pile of rice. Nature 379: 49-52.
 Gee GH and Bauder JW, 1986. Particle size analysis.Pp. 383- 411. In: klute A, (ed). Methods of soil Analysis, part I. Physical and Mineralogical Methods. SSSA, Madison, WI. 9.
Geldart D, Abdullah EC, Hassanpour A, Nwoke LC and Wouters I, 2006. Characterization of powder flowability using measurement of angle of repose. China Particuology 4(3-4): 104-107.
Geldart D, Mallet MF and Rolfe N, 1990. Assessing the flow ability of powders using angle of repose. Powder Handling & Processing 2(4): 341-346.
Hauhouot-O'Hara M, Brusewitz GH and Zou Y, 1999. Angle of repose of ground marigold petals as a function of particle size, moisture content and flow enhance. Technical note in Applied Engineering in Agriculture 15(4): 319-322.
Ileleji KE and Zhou B, 2008. The angle of repose of bulk corn stover particles. Powder Technology 187: 110–118.
Julien P, 1995. Erosion and Sedimentation. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. UK.
Jullien R, Meakin P and Pavlovitch A, 1993. Particle size segregation by shaking in 2-dimensional disc packings.  Europhysics Letters 22(7): 523-531.
Kumar P, Santosa KJ, Beck E and Das S, 2004. Direct-write deposition of fine powders through miniature hopper-nozzles for multi-material solid freeform fabrication. Rapid Prototyping Journal 10(1): 14-23.
Lukaszuk J, Stasiak M, Rusinek R and Horabik J, 2001. Influence of moisture content on angle of internal friction of cereal grain. Acta Agrophysica 46: 105-113.
Makse HA, 1997. Stratification instability in granular flows. Physical Review E 56(6): 7008-7016.
Moody JA, Smith JD and Ragan BW, 2005. Critical shear stress for erosion of cohesive soils subjected to temperatures typical of wildfires. Journal of Geophysical Research 110: 1-13.
Morgan RPC, 2005. Soil Erosion and Conservation (3th ed.). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Oxford, UK.
Raei B, Asadi H, Moussavi A and Ghadiri H, 2015. A study of initial motion of soil aggregates in comparison with sand particles of various sizes. Catena 127: 279-286.
Rayment GE and Higginson FR, 1992. Australian Laboratory Handbook of Soil and Water Chemical Methods. Reed International Books Australia P/L, Trading as In kata Press, Port Melbourne. 330p.
Rowell DL, 1994. Soil Science: Methods and Application. Longman Group, Harlow. 345p.
Train D, 1958. Some aspects of the property of angle of repose of powders. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 10: 127-135T.
Wang W,  Zhang J, Yang S, Zhang H, Yang H and Yue G, 2010. Experimental study on the angle of repose of pulverized coal. Particuology 8: 482-485.
Wiberg PL and Smith JD, 1985. A theoretical model for saltating grains in water. Journal of Geophysical Research 90: 7341-7354.
Zhou YC, Xu BH, Yu AB and Zulli P, 2002. Experimental and numerical study of the angle of repose of coarse spheres. Powder Technology 12: 45-54.
 
 
 
 
 
Water and Soil Science
Volume 26, 2-1 - Serial Number 2
September 2016
Pages 43-58

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics