Effects of Sinorhizobium meliloti Bacterium and Phosphorus on Leaf Chlorophyll Index, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Alfalfa Shoot and Root under Drought Stress Conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

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Abstract

Soil water and nutrients are important factors controlling plants growth. Legumes inoculation with nitrogen fixing bacteria and phosphorus (P) fertilization can improve plants growth in drought stress conditions. The effects of Sinorhizobium meliloti inoculation, soil water and P levels on leaf chlorophyll index, nitrogen (N) and P concentrations in alfalfa (Medicago sativa cv. Ghareyonjeh) shoot and root were studied by conducting an experiment under greenhouse conditions in a clay loam soil. The study was performed as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design including soil water conditions at three levels (0.5FC-0.6FC, 0.7FC-0.8FC and 0.9FC-FC), P at three levels (0, 30 and 60 mg P kg-1 soil equal to 0, 60 and 120 kg P ha-1 as Ca (H2PO4)2.H2O, respectively) and bacterium inoculation at two levels (with and without S. melilotiinoculation), with three replications. The leaf chlorophyll index was measured during the growth period. After harvesting, concentrations of N and P in the alfalfa shoot and root were measured. The results indicated that the leaf chlorophyll index and shoot N concentration were significantly increased by decreasing soil moisture content from 0.9FC-FC to 0.5FC-0.6FC (water deficit stress) and shoot and root P concentrations were significantly decreased (p<0.01), while the root N concentration was not change significantly. The P fertilization caused increment of the leaf chlorophyll index, shoot and root N and P concentrations (p<0.01). The leaf chlorophyll index, shoot and root N and shoot P concentrations were increased by S. meliloti inoculation but the root P concentration was not change significantly. Application of P and S. meliloti inoculation improved the drought stress tolerance of alfalfa. In general, in order to improve nutrition and growth of alfalfa and its drought stress tolerance, application of 30 or 60 mg P kg-1 soil and S. meliloti inoculation can be recommended under with and without drought stress conditions.

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Water and Soil Science
Volume 25, 1-4
February 2015
Pages 27-45

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