Earthen Dams Break Analysis, Flood Routing and Mapping using Mathematical Models and Geographic Information System (A Case Study: Alavian Dam)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Prof., Water Engin. Dept., center of excellence in hydrionfarmatics,Faculty of Civil Engin., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

2 Postdoctoral Researcher, Water Engin. Dept., Faculty of Civil Engin., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

3 Former Ph.D. Student, Geotechnical Engin. Dept., Faculty of Civil Engin., Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

4 Former M.Sc. Student, Civil Engin. Dept., Tabriz Campus, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Although a dam’s structure has an important role in suppressing floods and providing water for activities such as agriculture, human consumption, industrial use, electricity generation and pisciculture, its break has an immense damage and loss of life when it occurs. In order to reduce the damaging effects of the dam break on the downstream places, it is necessary to provide the flood hazard map. For this purpose, in the first step, the output breach hydrograph of the Alavian dam was computed by the BREACH model under the overtopping scenario. In the next step, the breach hydrograph was routed through the downstream of the river by using HEC-RAS model. Finally, the ArcGISsoftware was utilized to prepare the flood mapping. The results of the present study illustrated that the Alavian dam is breached with the time of failure of 46 min and the peak discharge of about 66000 m3/s. Furthermore, according to the flood hazard map, most of the downstream inundation zones due to Alavian failure dam have been considered as the high hazard area.

Keywords

References

Cencetti C, Fredduzzi A, Marchesini I, Naccini M and Tacconi P, 2006. Some considerations about the simulation of breach channel erosion on landslide dams. Computational Geosciences 10(2): 201-219.
Derdous O, Djemili L, Bouchehed H and Tachi S, 2015. A GIS based approach for the prediction of the dam break flood hazard – A case study of Zardezas reservoir “Skikda, Algeria”. Journal of Water and Land Development 27(1): 15-20.
Franca MJ and Almeida AB, 2004. A computational model of rockfill dam breaching caused by overtopping (RoDaB). Journal of Hydraulic Research 42(2): 197-206.
Fread DL, 1988. Breach: An erosion models for earthen dam-failures. Hydrologic Research Laboratory, National Weather Service. NOAA, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910:1-39.
Garcia R and Lopez JL, 2005. Debris flows of December 1999 in Venezuela. In: Jakob M, Hungr O (Eds.), Debris-flow hazards and related phenomena. Springer, Berlin. pp. 519-538.
Hajeri S, Shivapur AV and Venkatesh B, 2016. FLood plain mapping and dam break analysis for Neerasagar reservior. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 3(6): 1279-1285.
Hancox GT, McSaveney MJ, Manville  VR and Davies TR, 2005. The October 1999 Mt Adams rock avalanche and subsequent landslide dam-break flood and effects in Poerua river, Westland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 48(4): 683-705.
HEC-RAS, 2016. Hydraulic Reference Manual (Version 5.0). US Army Crops of Engineers, California.
Jakob M, Holm K, Weatherly H, Liu S and Ripley N, 2013. Debris flood risk assessment for Mosquito Creek, British Columbia, Canada. Natural Hazards 65(3): 1653-1681.
Jia Y, Zhang Y and Hunt S, 2015. Development and validation of a 2D dam break process model. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress: Floods, Droughts, and Ecosystems. Austin, USA, May 17-21.
Khanal NR, Mool PK, Shrestha AB, Rasul G, Ghimire PK, Shrestha RB and Joshi SP, 2015. A comprehensive approach and methods for glacial lake outburst flood risk assessment, with examples from Nepal and the transboundary area. International Journal of Water Resources Development 31(2): 219-237.
Kumar S, Jaswal A, Pandey A and Sharma N, 2017. Literature review of dam break studies and inundation mapping using hydraulic models and GIS. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) 4(5): 55-61.
Li MH, Sung RT, Dong JJ, Lee CT and Chen CC, 2011. The formation and breaching of a short-lived landslide dam at Hsiaolin Village, Taiwan - Part II: Simulation of debris flow with landslide dam breach. Engineering Geology 123(1-2): 60-71.
Moya Quiroga V, Kure S, Udo K and Mano A, 2016. Application of 2D numerical simulation for the analysis of the February 2014 Bolivian Amazonia flood: Application of the new HEC-RAS version 5. RIBAGUA 3: 25-33.
Singh VP, 1996. Dam breach modeling technology. Water Science and Technology Library, Vol. 17. Springer, Dordrecht.
USBR, 1988. Downstream hazard classification guidelines. ACER Technical Memorandum No. 11, Assistant Commissioner - Engineering and Research, Denver, Colorado.
Xin W, Shiyin L, Wanqin G and Junli  X, 2008. Assessment and simulation of glacier lake outburst floods for Longbasaba and Pida Lakes, China. Mountain Research and Development 28(3): 310-317.
Yang SH, Pan YW, Dong JJ, Yeh KC and Liao JJ, 2013. A systematic approach for the assessment of flooding hazard and risk associated with a landslide dam. Natural Hazards 65(1): 41-62.
Zhang L, Peng M, Chang D and Xu Y, 2016. Dam failure mechanisms and risk assessment. John Wiley and Sons, London.
 
 
Water and Soil Science
Volume 29, Issue 3
October 2019
Pages 121-134

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics