Effect of Trichoderma virens and Silicon Application on Some Properties of Wheat under Saline Condition

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduate, Dept., of Soil Sci., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

2 Assoc. Prof., Dept., of Soil Sci., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

3 Assoc. Prof., Dept., of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

4 Prof., Dept., of Soil Sci., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Salinity stress is recognized as an important constraint that limits agricultural production especially in arid and semi-arid regions around the world. Application of microorganisms such as Trichoderma isolates and silicon is an effective and easily adaptive strategy to reduce the environmental stresses like salinity. In order to evaluate silicon effect and Trichoderma virens inoculation on growth and some properties of wheat grown under saline condition a factorial experiment with complete randomized design was arranged. The factors included two levels of fungus (with and without inoculation), two levels of Si (0 and 1.5 mM), as Na2SiO3, and three levels of salt (0, 18 and 31 Meq kg-1 salt supplied as NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2 with 3:2:1 proportion, equivalent to soil saturated electrical conductivity (ECe) amounts of (3.2-3.4), (6.9-7.2) and (9.5-9.9) dS m-1, respectively). The results showed a negative effect of salt stress on wheat growth. Both 18 and 31 Meq kg-1 of the added salts caused significant reductions (p<0.01) on plant height, chlorophyll content, grain number, grain yield, harvest index and other measured properties. Salinity, fungus and silicon interaction effects on chlorophyll content, grain number, grain weight, harvest index and biological yield were significant (p<0.05). Biological yield was decreased 11% at third level of salinity (E3) as compared with first level of salinity (E1). The most biological yield was obtained at first level of salinity (E1) in the presence of fungus and silicon and the least one was obtained at third level of salinity (E3) with no fungus and silicon application. Salinity stress caused 59 percent reduction in grain yield. Salinity, fungus and silicon interaction effects were not significant on grain yield but caused increment in grain yield (17.6%) at the third level of salinity (E3). Application of fungus and silicon together caused 16 percent increment in harvest index at third level of salinity (E3) as compared with the case of no fungus and silicon application at the same salinity level. Based on these results the addition of silicon and inoculation of soil with this fungus could improve the yield and quality of wheat by adjusting the soil salinity effect.

Keywords

References

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Water and Soil Science
Volume 27, Issue 4
January 2017
Pages 159-171

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