اثر تلقیح برخی کودهای میکروبی فسفاته بر شاخص‌های تغذیه‌ای گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در این تحقیق اثربخشی کودهای میکروبی فسفاته تهیه شده از هفت باکتری به نام‌های (Pantoea agglomerans P5، Pseudomonas fluorescens Tabriz، P. putida Tabriz، Pseudomonas sp. C16-2O، Enterobacter sp. S16-3، Bacillus megaterium JK6 و B. firmus) بر بستر پایه ﺧﺎک ﻓﺴﻔﺎت (45 ﮔﺮم) ، ﮔﻮﮔﺮد (15ﮔﺮم) و باگاس (30 ﮔﺮم) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در این آزمایش، باکتری P. agglomerans P5 به‌عنوان باکتری حل‌کننده فسفات مورد استفاده در کود بارور2 به عنوان کنترل مثبت استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده از آزمایشات گلخانه‌ای نشان داد که کاربرد کودهای میکروبی فسفاته در گیاه ذرت رقم سینگل‌کراس 704، بر وزن تر و خشک کل ریشه و بخش هوایی، جذب فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن و روی بخش ریشه و بخش هوایی، تاثیر کاملاً معنی­داری داشت. تیمارهای کودی Enterobacter sp. S16-3 و Pseudomonas sp. C16-2O در بیشتر پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده دارای عملکردی شبیه تیمار P. agglomerans P5 بودند و هر سه این تیمار‌ها در بیشتر موارد دارای عملکرد بالاتری نسبت به تیمار کود شیمیایی سوپرفسفات تریپل بودند. تیمارهای P. fluorescensوP. putida هم تا حدودی دارای اثرهای مشابه روی رشد ذرت بودند، البته بایستی عنوان نمود که تیمار میکروبی B. firmus در برخی موارد و تیمار B. megaterium در بیشتر پارامترها دارای عملکرد پایین‌تری نسبت به تیمار بستر بدون باکتری (کنترل منفی) و حتی پایین‌تر از تیمار بدون بستر کود (No Carrier) بودند. هم‌چنین در این پژوهش اثر سطوح مختلف مصرف کودی (6/0 و 2/1 ‌گرم در هر گلدان) به ترتیب معادل با میزان توصیه شده و دوبرابر آن، کاملاً معنی‌دار بود و سطح مصرفی 2/1 ‌نسبت به 6/0 باعث افزایش عملکرد حدود دو برابری در گیاه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Inoculation Effect of Some Phosphatic Microbial Fertilizers on Nutritional Indices of Zea mays L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • B Khoshru 1
  • MR Sarikhani 2
  • N Aliasgharzad 3
1 PhD Student of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof. and Prof. of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Dept. of Soil Science, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
3 Assoc. Prof. and Prof. of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Dept. of Soil Science, Univ. of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study the effectiveness of phosphatic microbial fertilizers produced from seven bacteria (Pantoea agglomerans P5, Pseudomonas fluorescens Tabriz, P. putida Tabriz, Pseudomonas sp. C16-2O, Enterobacter sp < em>. S16-3, Bacillus megaterium JK6 and B. firmus) in the basal formulation of rock phosphate (45 g), bagasse (30 g) and sulfur (15 g) were evaluated. In this experiment, Pantoea agglomerans P5 which used in Barvar2 biofertilizer was applied as a positive control. The results obtained from the greenhouse experiments showed that the wet and dry weight of roots and shoots, uptake of potassium, iron and zinc in the root and shoot of corn S.C.704 were significantly influenced by the PMFs. In most measured parameters, the effects of Enterobacter sp. S16-3 and Pseudomonas sp. C16-2O were similar to the P. agglomerans P5 and all the three treatments in most cases had higher performance than TSP. P. fluorescens and P. putida treatments showed similar effects on corn growth. It should be noted that B. firmus in some cases and B. megaterium treatment in most parameters had lower performance compared to the treatment bed without bacteria (negative control) and even lower than the treatment without fertilizer bed (No Carrier). It should be emphasized that the effect of different levels of fertilizer consumption (0.6 and 1.2 g pot-1 equal to 100% and 200% of recommended dose of phosphorus) were significant and the level of 1.2 g pot-1 compared to 0.6 g pot-1 caused an increase more than two-fold in plant performance.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corn
  • Phosphate solubilizing bacteria
  • Phosphatic microbial fertilizers
  • Phosphorus
  • Rock phosphate
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