تحریک رشد و نمو لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L) با قارچ های تریکودرما و تاثیر آن ها بر تعدیل تنش شوری

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی تولید و زنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، ایران.

2 گروه گیاه پژشکی، پژوهشکده علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، ایران.

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، ایران.

4 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک- دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

برخی از گونه‌های قارچ تریکودرما با افزایش تحمل گیاه به تنش‌های محیطی مانند شوری باعث بهبود رشد گیاهان زراعی و افزایش محصول می‌شوند. در این راستا، اثر 10 گونه‌ی قارچ تریکودرما شاملT. harzianum ، T. lixii ، T. ghanens ، T. virens و T. atroviride و موتانت آن‌ها ( به تر تیب:NAS108 M1 ، NAS114-M17، ON545796، NAS115 M17 و NAS112M2) برای تعدیل اثرات تنش شوری خاک (ECe=6 dS m-1 و ECe=1.1 dS m-1) در استقرار، رشد رویشی و زایشی گیاه لوبیا چیتی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط مزرعه بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که رشد گیاه لوبیا چیتی به‌طور معنی‌دار تحت تأثیر تیمارهای شوری، قارچ تریکودرما و اثر متقابل آن‌ها بود. درصد سبزشدن و تمامی صفات رویشی، زایشی و پروتئین دانه تحت تنش شوری به‌طور معنی‌دار (p≤0.01) نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافتند. کاهش در صفات اجزای عملکرد بیش از صفات رویشی بود. تیمارهای زیستی بذر با گونه‌های تریکودرما به‌جز T. lixii توانست رشد، نمو و پروتئین دانه گیاه را در شرایط شور و غیر شور بهبود دهند. بیشترین القای مقاومت به شوری را گونه‌های T. harzianum ، T. ghanens و T. atroviride به همراه موتانت‌های آنها ایجاد کردند که در بین آنها اثر T. atroviride با کارایی زیستی 75 و 60 درصد به ترتیب در شرایط شور و غیر شور بارزتر بود. لذا این گونه می‌تواند به عنوان گونه‌ی مطلوب در تولید کودهای زیستی برای تولید لوبیا چیتی در شرایط شور و غیرشور مطرح باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Stimulating the growth and development of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with Trichoderma fungi and their effect on the alliviating of salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Asghar Aliloo 1
  • Zahra Rezaloo 1
  • samira shahbazi 2
  • Mansour sarajuoghi 3
  • Esmaeil Karimi 4
1 Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, Iran
2 Department of Plant Research, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, Iran Atomic Energy Organization, Iran
3 3 Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Iran
4 University of Maragheh
چکیده [English]

Extended abstract

Background and Objectives
Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses after water stress in Iran, which has affected about 50% of agricultural lands with different intensities. The growth and development of crop plants in these areas are constantly exposed to salinity and other stresses at the same time, which causes morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses. Alleviating the negative effects of salinity in the crops is mainly done by agronomic and breeding methods. The use of appropriate microorganisms is one of the agronomic methods that can directly and/or indirectly reduce some limitations of salinity stress. In recent years, the necessity of biological study in rhizosphere microorganisms to improve nutrition and plant growth and, to control stress factors has been considered. Some species of Trichoderma fungi are known as plant growth stimulants in normal and stressful conditions. Since the bio-treatment of Trichoderma fungus for alleviation of salt stress in the Pinto bean has not been evaluated, so, the inoculation effects of different species of this fungus were studied on the plant growth and development under salinity conditions.

Methodology
A field split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications were carried out at the Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute in Karaj on Pinto bean plants of Saleh 2. The main factor (salinity) was in two levels of non-saline (ECe=1.1 dS m-1) soil and saline (ECe=6 dS m-1), soil and the secondary factor with 11 levels, including; T. harzianum (MW718882), T. lixii (MW719563), T. ghanens (MW719590), T. virens (MW719876) and (MW719255) and their mutant isolates, namely NAS108 M1, NAS114-M17, ON545796, NAS115 M17, and NAS112M2, respectively, and the control treatment was without inoculation.

Findings
The results showed that the effect of salinity and the biopriming on the characteristics of emergence percentage, plant height, harvest index, number of pods, number of seeds per pod, seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, branching, seed protein and leaf area was significant (p≤0.01). Also, the results showed that the interaction effect of salinity and biopriming on emergence percentage, plant height, seed yield, biological yield, seed protein and leaf area was significant at p≤0.01, however, harvest index, the number of pods per plant, The number of seeds per pod and the seed weight were not influenced by treatment interactions. All studied characteristics were significantly reduced under salt stress compared to the control. The decrease in yield component traits was more than vegetative traits. The biopriming of Trichoderma species except T. lixii improved all traits of growth, development and seed protein of the plant in saline and non-saline conditions. T. harzianum, T. ghanens and T. atroviride along with their mutants produced the highest salinity resistance induction. Among them, the effect of T. atroviride was more obvious on saline condition while its mutant was superior in non-saline condition. The symbiosis efficiency of Trichoderma with this plant shows that under non-saline condition the efficiency varies between 16 to 70%, and the lowest is in T. lixii m and the highest in T. atroviride m. Also, except in T. atroviride treatment, the index was declined by salinity to the range of 3 to 58% for the rest of the fungi .

Conclusion
In general, the results of the experiment showed that the growth and development of pinto beans are affected by salinity, inoculation by the Trichoderma species and their interactions. As a result, the effects of different Trichoderma species are not the same under saline and non-saline conditions. Although under salinity treatment, the potential of the fungi in supporting of the vegetative traits, yield and yield component decreased, however, the values of all the traits in saline conditions were higher than the control without inoculation. This article shows that choosing the right and sustainable fungal treatment can partially alleviate the effects of the moderate salinity in the pinto bean plants. Therefore, it is possible to optimize bean production by inducing salinity resistance by selecting suitable Trichoderma. Overall and according to the results, seed biopriming treatment with Trichoderma species improves the vegetative and reproductive traits of pinto bean in saline and non-saline conditions, and the use of T. harzianum, T. ghanens and T. atroviride along with their mutants is recommended to maximize of the plant yield in the field conditions .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic stress
  • biological treatment
  • legume
  • morphology
  • yield

مراجع

Abd-El-Khair H, Elshahawy IE and Haggag HK, 2019. Field application of Trichoderma spp. combined with thiophanate-methyl for controlling Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum in dry bean. Bulletin of the National Research Centre 43:1-9.
Ali S, Khan MJ, Anjum MM, Khan GR and Ali N, 2022. Trichoderma harzianum modulates phosphate and micronutrient solubilization in the rhizosphere. Gesunde Pflanzen. 74(4):853-62.
Anonymous, 2021. FAO Statistical Year Book. World Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, Rome, 366.
Anonymous, 2021. Ministry of Agriculture Statistics and Information Office, Agricultural Census, Deputy of Planning and Budget. 19: 78-97
Anshu A, Agarwal P, Mishra K, Yadav U, Verma I, Chauhan S, Srivastava PK and Singh PC, 2022 Synergistic action of Trichoderma koningiopsis and T. asperellum mitigates salt stress in paddy. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 28(5):987-1004.
Arain U, Ujjan AA, Rajput AQ and Shahzad S, 2022. Synergism between Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and chemical fungicide for the control of Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl on mung Bean. Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology 34(1):117-25.
Bononi L, Chiaramonte JB, Pansa CC, Moitinho MA and Melo IS, 2020. Phosphorus-solubilizing Trichoderma spp. from Amazon soils improve soybean plant growth. Scientific Reports 10(1):2858.
Bradford MM, 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry 72(1-2):248-54.
Chen Z, Cuin TA, Zhou M, Twomey A, Naidu BP and Shabala S, 2007. Compatible solute accumulation and stress-mitigating effects in barley genotypes contrasting in their salt tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany 58(15-16):4245-55.
Contreras-Cornejo HA, Macías-Rodríguez L, Del-Val EK and Larsen J, 2016. Ecological functions of Trichoderma spp. and their secondary metabolites in the rhizosphere: interactions with plants. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 92(4):fiw036.
Darikvand F, Bazgir A, Darvishnia M and Mirzaei H, 2015. Isolation and identification of Trichoderma fungi and investigation of its effect on bean plant growth. Agricultural Research Conference, Genetic Engineering and Medicinal Plant Iran, Jiroft.
Deng H, Li Q, Cao R, Ren Y, Wang G, Guo H, Bu S, Liu J and Ma P, 2023. Overexpression of SmMYC2 enhances salt resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana and Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Journal of Plant Physiology 280:153862.
El Enshasy HA, Ambehabati KK, Hanapi SZ, Dailin DJ, Elsayed EA, Sukmawati D and Malek RA, 2020. Trichoderma spp.: A Unique Fungal Biofactory for Healthy Plant Growth. Rhizosphere Microbes: Soil and Plant Functions 573-92.
El-Saadony MT, Desoky ES, Saad AM, Eid RS, Selem E and Elrys AS, 2021. Biological silicon nanoparticles improve Phaseolus vulgaris L. yield and minimize its contaminant contents on a heavy metals-contaminated saline soil. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 106:1-4.
Eslahi N, Kowsari M, Motallebi M, Zamani MR and Moghadasi Z, 2020. Influence of recombinant Trichoderma strains on growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by increased root colonization and induction of root growth related genes. Scientia Horticulturae. 261:108932.
Ghanbari AA, Shakiba MR, Toorchi M and Choukan R, 2013. Nitrogen changes in the leaves and accumulation of some minerals in the seeds of red, white and chitti beans ('Phaseolus vulgaris') under water deficit conditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7(5):706-12.
Ghassemi-Golezani K and Farhadi N, 2021. The efficacy of salicylic acid levels on photosynthetic activity, growth, and essential oil content and composition of pennyroyal plants under salt stress. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 1-3.
Guo C, Liu L, Sun H, Wang N, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Li A, Bai Z, Liu X and Dong H, 2022. Predicting Fv/Fm and evaluating cotton drought tolerance using hyperspectral and 1D-CNN. Frontiers in Plant Science 13:1007150.
Gupta A, Mishra R, Rai S, Bano A, Pathak N, Fujita M, Kumar M and Hasanuzzaman M, 2022. Mechanistic insights of plant growth promoting bacteria mediated drought and salt stress tolerance in plants for sustainable agriculture. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23(7):3741.
Hang X, Meng L, Ou Y, Shao C, Xiong W, Zhang N, Liu H, Li R, Shen Q and Kowalchuk GA, 2022. Trichoderma-amended biofertilizer stimulates soil resident Aspergillus population for joint plant growth promotion. Biofilms and Microbiomes 8(1):57.
Hao S, Wang Y, Yan Y, Liu Y, Wang J and Chen S, 2021. A review on plant responses to salt stress and their mechanisms of salt resistance. Horticulturae 7(6):132.
Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I and Lorito M, 2004. Trichoderma species—opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Reviews Microbiology 2(1):43-56.
Hidangmayum A and Dwivedi P, 2018. Plant responses to Trichoderma spp. and their tolerance to abiotic stresses: a review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(1):758-66.
Ibrahimova U, Kumari P, Yadav S, Rastogi A, Antala M, Suleymanova Z, Zivcak M, Tahjib-Ul-Arif MD, Hussain S, Abdelhamid M and Hajihashemi S, 2021. Progress in understanding salt stress response in plants using biotechnological tools. Journal of Biotechnology. 329:180-91.
Illescas M, Pedrero-Méndez A, Pitorini-Bovolini M, Hermosa R and Monte E, 2021. Phytohormone production profiles in Trichoderma species and their relationship to wheat plant responses to water stress. Pathogens 10(8):991.
Javed MR, Noman M, Shahid M, Ahmed T, Khurshid M, Rashid MH, Ismail M, Sadaf M and Khan F, 2019. Current situation of biofuel production and its enhancement by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering of microbial cells. Microbiological Research 219:1-12.
Khan MU, Qasim M and Jamil M, 2002. Effect of different levels of zinc on the extractable zinc content of soil and chemical composition of rice. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 1: 20-21.
López-Millán AF, Ellis DR and Grusak MA, 2005. Effect of zinc and manganese supply on the activities of superoxide dismutase and carbonic anhydrase in Medicago truncatula wild type and raz mutant plants. Plant Science 168(4):1015-22.
Mahmud K, Missaoui A, Lee K, Ghimire B, Presley HW and Makaju S, 2021. Rhizosphere microbiome manipulation for sustainable crop production. Current Plant Biology 27:100210.
Mastouri F, Björkman T and Harman GE, 2012. Trichoderma harzianum enhances antioxidant defense of tomato seedlings and resistance to water deficit. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 25(9):1264-71.
Mishra P, Mishra J and Arora NK, 2021. Plant growth promoting bacteria for combating salinity stress in plants–Recent developments and prospects: A review. Microbiological Research. 252:126861.
Musin KG, Gumerova GR, Baimukhametova EA and Kuluev BR, 2022. Growth and stress resistance of tobacco Hairy Roots with Constitutive Expression of ARGOS-LIKE Gene. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. 69(5):92.
Nasri M, Khalatbari M, 2015. The effect of different values of nitrogen, potassium and zinc fertilizers on physiological characteristics of green bean (Phaseolous vulgaris gen. Sunray) in Iran. In Biological Forum 2:467-472). Research Trend.
Pedranzani HE, Gutiérrez M, Molina Arias SM, Zapico MZ and Ruiz-Lozano JM. 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhiza interaction with Medicago sativa plants: Study of abiotic stress tolerance in sustainable agriculture. Advances in Investigation of Agropecuaria 25(3):26-40.
Plenchette C, Fortin JA and Furlan V, 1983. Growth responses of several plant species to mycorrhizae in a soil of moderate P-fertility. Plant and Soil 70(2):199-209
Poveda J, 2020. Trichoderma parareesei favors the tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to salinity and drought due to a chorismate mutase. Agronomy 10(1):118.
Pradhan PC, Mukhopadhyay A, Kumar R, Patanjali N, Kundu A, Kamil D, Bag TK, Aggarwal R, Bharadwaj C and Singh A, 2022. Performance evaluation of a novel dustable powder formulation of Trichoderma viride for seed treatment against Fusarium wilt in chickpea. Indian Phytopathology 75(4):1055-63.
Rajput VD, Minkina T, Kumari A, Harish, Singh VK, Verma KK, Mandzhieva S, Sushkova S, Srivastava S and Keswani C, 2021. Coping with the challenges of abiotic stress in plants: New dimensions in the field application of nanoparticles. Plants 10(6):1221.
Rezaloo Z, Shahbazi S and Askari H, 2019. Induction of resistance related responses of Phaseolus vulgaris to Rhizoctonia solani by bio-fungicides. Crop Biotechnology 9(26):65-79.
Rezaloo Z, Tohidloo G and shahbazi S, 2018. Study of yield, vegetative traits and seed germination of pinto bean produced from biopriming with Trichoderma. Research Journal of Agriculture and Plant Breeding 14(2): 39-47.
Rudresh DL, Shivaprakash MK and Prasad RD, 2005. Effect of combined application of Rhizobium, phosphate solubilizing bacterium and Trichoderma spp. on growth, nutrient uptake and yield of chickpea (Cicer aritenium L.). Applied Soil Ecology 28(2):139-46.
Salimi NT, Seraj F, Pirdashti H and Yaghoubian Y, 2014. The effect of seed biopriming by Piriformospora indica and Trichoderma virens on the growth, morphological and physiological parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) seedlings. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research 1(2): 67-78. (In Persian with English abstract)
Sani MN, Hasan M, Uddain J and Subramaniam S, 2020. Impact of application of Trichoderma and biochar on growth, productivity and nutritional quality of tomato under reduced NPK fertilization. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 65(1):107-15.
Santander C, Ruiz A, García S, Aroca R, Cumming J and Cornejo P, 2020. Efficiency of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inocula to improve saline stress tolerance in lettuce plants by changes of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100(4):1577-87.
Savich VI, Artikova HT, Nafetdinov SS and Salimova KH, 2021. Optimization of plant development in case of soil salinization. The American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 3(02):24-9.
Senger M, Urrea-Valencia S, Nazari MT, Vey RT, Piccin JS and Martin TN, 2023. Evaluation of Trichoderma asperelloides-based inoculant as growth promoter of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.): A field-scale study in Brazil. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 26(3):255-63.
Sofy M, Mohamed H, Dawood M, Abu-Elsaoud A and Soliman M, 2022. Integrated usage of Trichoderma harzianum and biochar to ameliorate salt stress on spinach plants. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 68(14):2005-26.
Sogoni A, Jimoh MO, Kambizi L and Laubscher CP, 2021. The impact of salt stress on plant growth, mineral composition, and antioxidant activity in Tetragonia decumbens mill.: An underutilized edible halophyte in south Africa. Horticulturae 7(6):140.
Soltabayeva A, Ongaltay A, Omondi JO and Srivastava S, 2021. Morphological, physiological and molecular markers for salt-stressed plants. Plants 10, 243.
Stasz TE, Harman GE, Weeden NF, 1988. Protoplast preparation and fusion in two biocontrol strains of Trichoderma harzianum. Mycologia 80(2):141-50.
Tripathi R, Keswani C and Tewari R, 2021. Trichoderma koningii enhances tolerance against thermal stress by regulating ROS metabolism in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants. Journal of Plant Interactions 16(1):116-25.
Yang J, Kloepper JW and Ryu CM, 2009. Rhizosphere bacteria help plants tolerate abiotic stress. Trends in plant science. 14(1):1-4.
Zhang X, Zhang L, Ma C, Su M, Wang J, Zheng S and Zhang T, 2022. Exogenous strigolactones alleviate the photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative damage of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. Scientia Horticulturae 297:110962.
Zhao S, Zhang Q, Liu M, Zhou H, Ma C and Wang P, 2021. Regulation of plant responses to salt stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22(9):4609.
دانش آب و خاک
دوره 34، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 51-69

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار