اثرات کمپوست زباله شهری و ورمی‌کمپوست بر رشد و جذب عناصر غذایی در گیاه ذرت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

امروزه ورمی کمپوست به عنوان اصلاح کننده خاک با سطح ویژه زیاد و قابلیت بالای نگهداری عناصر غذایی شناخته شده است. به منظور بررسی کارآیی کود ورمی­کمپوست تولید شده از زباله­های شهری در افزایش رشد و عملکرد گیاه ذرت و مقایسه آن با کمپوست زباله شهری آزمایشی گلدانی انجام شد. ورمی­کمپوست و کمپوست زباله شهری به میزان 1%، 3% و 5% با وزن خاک مخلوط شده و در گلدانهای 3 کیلویی ریخته شدند. در هر گلدان شش بذر ذرت کشت شدند و مقدار رطوبت گلدان­ها تا نزدیکی رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعه­ای کنترل شدند. گیاهان در روز ششم بعد از کشت برداشت شدند. در زمان برداشت گیاهان، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و نیز غلظت عناصر غذایی در آنها اندازه گیری شد. نتایج آزمایشات نشان داد که کمپوست و ورمی­کمپوست تاثیر مثبتی بر رشد و عملکرد ذرت و جذب عناصر غذایی داشته و با مقادیر مصرف 3% ورمی­کمپوست و 5% کمپوست بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی و جذب عناصر غذایی حاصل گردید. با مصرف مقادیر مذکور از کمپوست و ورمی­کمپوست، وزن خشک اندام هوایی بترتیب به میزان 82/178% و 42/178% و وزن خشک ریشه نیز به ترتیب به میزان 45/49% و 63/51% در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش یافت.   

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Municipal Waste Compost and Vermicompost on Growth and Nutrients Uptake of Corn

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sh Yaghtin
  • M Moez Ardalan
  • M Shorafa
  • HA Alikhani
چکیده [English]

Vermicompost as soil amendment  is known for its large surface area and high nutrients holding capacity. A greenhouse trial was conducted to compare the municipal solid waste vermicompost and compost as potting media for the growth of corns. The mixing proportion of compost and vermicompost with soil were 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% of pot weights. Six corn seeds were planted in each pot and moisture contents of the pots were controlled close to filed capacity (FC). Plants were harvested at 60th day after planting. The results showed that all potted mixtures produced significantly higher biomass than the control (only soil). There was a positive significant relationship between the amount of compost and vermicompost added to the soil and the uptake of nutrients by corn. The optimum mixing proportion for vermicompost was 3% and for  compost was 5% of pot weight. The results showed that the adding of 5% compost and 3% vermicompost to the soil, respectively, led to 178.82% and 178.42% increase in shoot dry weight and 49. 54% and 51.63% in root dry weight as compared to the control, respectively. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compost
  • Corn
  • Plant nutrients
  • Potting media
  • Vermicompost
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