غربالگری و شناسایی باکتری‌های حل‌کننده فسفات متحمل گرما

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

باکتری‌های حل‌کننده فسفات متحمل به دماهای بالا، کاندید مناسبی برای استفاده در کودهای میکروبی فسفاته گرانوله می‌باشند. محصول تولیدی در فرآیند تهیه این کودها، ناگزیر به تحمل حرارت بالا (°C50 -55) بوده و درصد رطوبت بسیار پایینی دارا می‌باشد.  بر این اساس، در این تحقیق کارایی انحلال فسفات و تحمل گرمایی 150 جدایه باکتری از بانک میکروبی گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تبریز مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. توانایی انحلال فسفات باکتری‌ها به روش نیمه‌کمی و کمی در محیط اسپربر جامد و مایع در حضور منبع کم‌محلول تری‌کلسیم فسفات تحت شرایط دمای عادی (°C 28) و دمای 55 درجه سلسیوس ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معنی‌داری بین باکتری‌ها از نظر انحلال فسفات وجود دارد. در دمای معمولی از 150 باکتری، نزدیک به 17 درصد باکتریها (25 جدایه) توان انحلال فسفات کم‌محلول را داشتند و نسبت قطر هاله به کلنی (HD/CD) آنها بین 8/2 – 2/1 متغیر بود. در روش کمی نیز توان حل‌کنندگی 25 جدایه در محدوده 89/292- 8/175 میلی­گرم فسفر بر ­لیتر قرار داشت. از  بین 25 جدایه نیز تنها 7 باکتری قادر به زنده‌مانی در دمای 55 درجه سلسیوس بمدت 16ساعت بودند، که از میان آنها جدایه‎‌های C1-4O، C19-4O و C8-12M به‌ترتیب با مقادیر 5/2، 4/2 و 2/2 بالاترین نسبت قطر هاله به کلنی را داشتند. میزان آزادسازی فسفر در محیط مایع توسط این باکتری‌ها به‌ترتیب 08/244، 44/256 و 14/216 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر بود. نتایج شناسایی مولکولی نشان داد که این باکتریها متعلق به جنس‌های Enterobacter و Stenotrophomonas می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening and Identification of Heat Resistant Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria

نویسندگان [English]

  • B khoshru 1
  • MR Sarikhani 2
1 PhD Student of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof. of Soil Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Bacteria with high phosphate solubility and resistance to high temperature are suitable candidates for use in granular phosphatic microbial fertilizers (PMF). The prepared product in processing of these fertilizers (PMF) is exposed to high temperatures (50-55 ° C) under very low moisture conditions. Accordingly, in this research, the efficiency of phosphate dissolution and temperature tolerance of 150 bacterial isolates were evaluated. These bacteria were prepared in the soil biology laboratory of University of Tabriz. The phosphate solubility of these bacteria was evaluated by semi-quantitative and quantitative methods in solid and liquid Sperber medium in the presence of low-soluble tricalcium phosphate (TCP) source at the temperatures of 28 °C and 55 °C. The results showed that there was a significant difference between bacteria in terms of dissolution of phosphate. At a typical temperature among 150 bacteria, 25 bacteria (17%) had no phosphorus dissolution capacity, and the HD/CD ratio for these 25 bacteria was 1.2 to 2.8. In the quantitative method, the solubility potential of 25 isolates was 175.88- 292.98 mg P/l. Among the 25 isolates, only 7 bacteria were able to survive at 55 ° C for 16 hours, witch between them the C1-4O, C19-4O and C8-12M bacteria had the highest halo diameters with values of 2.5, 2.4 and 2.2 for the HD/CD ratio, respectively. The amounts of phosphorus release by these bacteria in the liquid medium were 244.08, 256.44 and 216.14 mg/l, respectively. The molecular identification of these bacteria showed that they were belonged to the genus Enterobacter and Stenotrophomonas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phosphatic microbial fertilizer
  • Phosphate solubilizing bacteria
  • Thermal tolerance
  • Viability
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