تأثیر فسفر بر غلظت سرب و روی در ریشه برنج و تشکیل کانی‌های حاوی آن‌ها در یک خاک آهکی آلوده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استاد گروه بیوشیمی، دانشکده علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

برای بررسی تأثیر فسفر (P) و آلودگی سرب (Pb) و روی (Zn) بر غلظت Pb، Zn و P ریشه و تشکیل کانی پیرومورفایت (Pb5(PO4)3Cl,F,OH) در یک خاک آهکی، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی و با عامل‌های Pb در چهار سطح (0، 200، 400 و 800 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع Pb(NO3)2)، Zn در سه سطح (0، 25 و 250 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع ZnSO4.7H2O) و P در سه سطح (0، 50 و 500 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع Ca(H2PO4).2H2O) و با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه‌ای و آزمایشگاهی اجرا شد. در پایان دوره رشد گیاه برنج، غلظت Pb، Zn و P ریشه اندازه­گیری شد. تشکیل کانی پیرومورفایت در تیمار 800 میلی­گرم Pb و 500 میلی­گرم P و 250 میلی­گرم Zn بر کیلوگرم خاک به روش تجزیه با پراش پرتو ایکس (XRD) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف کود P، غلظت Pb و Zn ریشه برنج را به­طور میانگین به­ترتیب حدود 15 و 2 درصد کاهش داد. افزودن Zn غلظت Pb و P ریشه را به­طور میانگین به­ترتیب حدود 13 و 6 درصد کاهش داد. نتایج تجزیه XRD نشان­دهنده تشکیل کانی کلروپیرومورفایت با بلورینگی کم در خاک بود. همچنین، در خاک‌های آلوده به Pb و Zn، مصرف کود P از طریق تشکیل رسوب ترکیب‌های مختلف Pb، Zn و P می‌تواند پویایی و زیست‌فراهمی این فلزها و جذب آن­ها به­وسیله گیاه را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Phosphorus on Lead and Zinc Concentrations in Rice Root and Formation of Minerals Containing Them in a Calcareous Contaminated Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Mardomi 1
  • NA Najafi 2
  • A Reyhanitabar 2
  • GH Dehgan 3
1 Ph.D student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of phosphorus (P) fertilizer and contaminations of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) on root Pb, Zn, and P concentrations, pyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3Cl,F,OH)) formation in a calcareous soil, an experiment was conducted as factorial on the basis of completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse and laboratory conditions with three factors of Pb at four levels (0, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg−1 soil as Pb(NO3)2), Zn at three levels (0, 25, and 250 mg kg−1 soil as ZnSO4.7H2O) and P at three levels (0, 50, and 500 mg kg−1 soil as Ca(H2PO4).2H2O). At the end of the rice growth period, root Pb, Zn, and P concentrations were measured. The treatment of Pb800p < sub>500Zn250 was subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis for pyromorphite formation. The results showed that application of P fertilizer resulted in reducing the average root Pb and Zn concentrations by 15 and 2%, respectively. The application of Zn fertilizer resulted in reducing the average root Pb and P concentrations by 13 and 6%, respectively. The XRD results showed the formation of poorly crystalline chloropyromorphite. Also, in Pb and Zn polluted soils, application of P fertilizer could decrease mobility and bioavailability of these metals and restrict their uptake by plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lead
  • Phosphorous
  • Pyromorphite
  • Rice
  • Zinc
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