ارزیابی تغییرات ردپای آب محصولات زراعی حوضه دریاچه ارومیه با استفاده از روش LMDI

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

شاخص­های مؤثری مانند ردپای آب لازم است در تخصیص بهینه منابع آب مدنظر قرار گیرند. در این مطالعه از شاخص ردپای آب با در نظر گرفتن مصارف مستقیم و غیرمستقیم آب در سه بخش منابع آب آبی، سبز و خاکستری، به­منظور برآورد میزان کل آب مصرفی توسط محصولات زراعی در حوضه دریاچه ارومیه استفاده گردید. جهت تحلیل جداگانه عوامل مؤثر در روند تغییرات ردپای آب، روش LMDI (شاخص لگاریتم میانگین انحرافات) به­کار گرفته شد. این شاخص مجموع وزنی نرخ تغییرات نسبی پارامترهای مؤثر را نشان می­دهد. نتایج نشان داد که علی­رغم روند کاهشی در هر سه جزء ردپای آب محاسبه شده در طول سال­های مورد بررسی (2010-2003)، تغییرات نامنظمی در میزان هر جزء سه­گانه ردپای آب در طی دوره مذکور وجود دارد. عامل­های سیستم­های آبیاری و نحوه فعالیت­های کشاورزی در منطقه به­عنوان عوامل افزاینده و عملکرد گیاه به­عنوان عامل کاهنده در تغییرات ردپای آب شناخته شدند. بیشترین مقدار ردپای آب کل مربوط به سال 2004 بوده که در آن مقادیر ردپای آب آبی، آب سبز و آب خاکستری به­ترتیب 23419، 8832 و 2437 مترمکعب بر تن می­باشد. همچنین کمترین مقدار ردپای آب کل در سال 2006 مشاهده شد و مقادیر ردپای آب آبی، آب سبز و آب خاکستری در این سال به­ترتیب 19056، 7562 و 2076 مترمکعب بر تن است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Water Footprint of Crop Production Variability in Lake Urmia Basin using LMDI Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Montaseri 1
  • N Rasouli Majd 2
  • J Behmanesh 1
  • H Rezaie 1
چکیده [English]

The effective indices such as water footprint should be considered in optimal allocation of water resources. In this study, the water footprint index with considering the direct and indirect water consumptions in three components of blue, green and grey water resources was applied to evaluate the total amount of water consumption in crop production of Lake Urmia basin. The LMDI (Logarithmic mean divisia index) approach was applied to determine the impact of the different factors on the variability of water footprint. The LMDI index showed the weighted sum of relative changes in the effective parameters. According to the results, although a reduction trend in the calculated water footprint components during the studied years (2003-2010) was observed, there were some irregular trends and changes in the amount of each component of water footprint at the same period. Irrigation systems and agricultural activities in the region were identified as increasing parameters while crop yield was a decreasing parameter in the water footprint changes. The maximum amount of total water footprint was related to 2004, in which the blue, green and grey water footprint values were 23419, 8832 and 2437 m3 ton-1, respectively. Also, the minimum amount of total water footprint was related to 2006, in which the blue, green and grey water footprint values were 19056, 7562 and 2076 m3 ton-1, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blue water
  • Green water
  • Grey water
  • Lake Urmia basin
  • Water Footprint
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