تولید بیوسورفکتانت توسط باکتری Pseudomonas putida1694در منابع مختلف کربن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

بیوسورفکتانت‏ها ترکیبات فعال سطحی هستند که توسط میکروارگانیسم‏ها تولید می‏شوند. در این مطالعه تولید بیوسورفکتانت توسط باکتری‌  putida1694  Pseudomonasدر منابع مختلف کربن )نفت سفید، گلوکز و ملاس نیشکر( تحت تأثیر دماهای 30 و 37 درجه سلسیوس و زمان گرماگذاری 48 و 168 ساعت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. به­منظور تشخیص تولید بیوسورفکتانت از روش‏های کمی و کیفی غربالگری مانند، آزمون همولیز، آزمون فروپاشی، پراکنش نفت، درصد امولسیون کنندگی ، کاهش کشش سطحی و آبگریزی سطح سلول استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد P.putida1694  توانایی رشد در هر سه منبع کربن را دارد. بر اساس نتایج غربالگری تولید بیوسورفکتانت، سویه به­کار رفته در این پژوهش دارای همولیز مثبت یا β در محیط آگار خون­دار بود. ترکیبات تولید شده توسط باکتری P.putida1694 در تمام منابع کربن در زمان‏ها و دماهای اعمال شده به ته چاهک سقوط کردند، همچنین نتایج نشان داد این باکتری بیشترین کاهش کشش سطحی را در منبع کربن نفت سفید پس از 168 ساعت و در دمای گرماگذاری 37 درجه سلسیوس داشت و توانست کشش سطحی آن‏را تا 33/20 میلی­نیوتون بر متر کاهش دهد. بیشترین درصد امولسیون‏کنندگی در منبع کربن ملاس(28 درصد) به­دست آمد. همچنین بیشینه درصد آبگریزی سطح سلول به منبع کربن نفت سفید (70 درصد) اختصاص داشت. میزان بیوسورفکتانت تولید شده در منابع کربن نفت سفید، گلوکز و ملاس به­ترتیب 2/10، 7/1 و 5/5 گرم بر لیتر بود. با توجه به تولید بیشتر بیوسورفکتانت در حضور نفت سفید، به­نظر می­رسد از این باکتری برای پالایش خاک­های آلوده به نفت می­توان استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biosurfactant Production by Pseudomonas putida1694 in Various Carbon Sources

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Varnaseri Ghand Ali 1
  • A Moezzi 2
  • N Enayatizamir 3
چکیده [English]

Bio-surfactants as surface active compounds are produced by microorganisms. In this study bio-surfactant production by Pseudomonas putida1694 were evaluated in different carbon sources (kerosene, sugar cane molasses and glucose) at 30 and 37 °C within the incubation periods of 48 and 168 hours. For screening bio-surfactant production, hemolysis, and oil collapse and emulsification index, surface tension reduction and cell surface hydrophobicity tests were done. Results showed that P. putida1694 was able to grow in all carbon sources. Based on bio-surfactant production, this strain had a positive or β hemolysison blood agar medium. The Compounds produced by this strain in each of carbon sources at both temperatures and incubation periods collapsed down. The maximum surface tension reduction was recorded in the samples containing kerosene as carbon source incubated at 37 ° C for 168 hours, in which bacterium reduced surface tension to 20.33 mNm-1. Themaximum emulsifying and cell hydrophobicitywere recorded in molasses (28%) and kerosene(70%) respectively. Bio-surfactant production amounts by P. putida1694 in kerosene, glucose and molasses as carbon sources were 10.2, 1.7 and 5.5 g L-1, respectively. Due to higher production of bio-surfactant in the presence of kerosene, it seems that the bacteria can be used for refining oil-contaminated soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biosurfactant
  • Carbon source
  • Kerosene
  • Surface tension
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